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R.S PAPER 2 > Crime And Punishment > Flashcards

Crime And Punishment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Golden Rule?

A

An important rule in Christianity from Jesus’ teachings that you should treat others how you would liked to be treated

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2
Q

Why do Christians give money to the poor?

A

If they were in need, they would want others to help them.
Hope their action will have positive consequences
Helping those less fortunate

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3
Q

What is an example of good intentions, but an evil act?

A

Wanting to provide for you family but you steal in order to do this

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4
Q

Why would they argue that stealing is wrong?

A

It is forbidden in the Ten Commandments
Others say it is an evil action regardless of the intention
However, others say they should argue for a lesser punishment if the crime was due to the intention

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5
Q

Why do Christians think they have a duty to God?

A

Christians want to please God and believe that God will judge them based on whether they follow his teachings

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6
Q

What do Christians believe is the thing that Jesus taught is the most important?

A

Love - they should always try to follow a more loving course of action e.g. allow homosexuality although the bible forbids it, as it prevents discrimination against them.

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7
Q

What do non-religious people believe about consequences?

A

Believe rules should not be followed if they produce evil consequences

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8
Q

What do Utilitarians believe?

A

Judge people (and their actions) and whether the consequences are good or bad rather than their intentions.

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9
Q

What do most Christians believe about acting evilly?

A

Believe it is wrong and sinful as it produces consequences which others wouldn’t desire e.g. murder
Some would break rules against God - Ten Commandments

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10
Q

What do Christians believe on self Defense?

A

Although it’s never good to cause suffering, it is acceptable to defend yourselves as if you didn’t you could be harmed or exploited.
But others believe, that Christians shouldn’t fight back as Jesus taught:

‘But if anyone strikes you on the right cheek, turn the other also.’

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11
Q

What do Christians believe about causing suffering that would save someone else from suffering (I.e. allowing a woman to have an abortion but it saves the woman from mental and physical hardship)?

A

Some think it’s acceptable as it saves others from suffering

But others believe that inflicting suffering is still wrong because it is a sin to carry out harm/painful experiments on humans or abortion

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12
Q

How does Poverty influence someone to commit a crime?

A

If someone is poor, they have more motivation to steal as they are in need for clothing and food e,t.c
Also may have less respect for the government and they should be helping people like them out more.

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13
Q

How does upbringing influences someone’s reasons to commit a crime?

A

If someone is brought up thinking crime is acceptable, e.g. parents drive over limit, see people stealing or doing drugs e.t.c, this may encourage them to commit crime

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14
Q

How does Mental Health influence a person to commit a crime?

A

Illnesses like Kleptomania is a compulsive disorder which makes people steal things
Others may hear voices or suffer from hallucinations
Feel like an outcast from society

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15
Q

How can addiction influence a person to commit a crime?

A

They may steal to pay for the addiction - buy more drinks and drugs
Carry out crimes within a drug gang
Some drugs can affect a persons mind and personality over time.
Many drugs themselves are illegal.

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16
Q

How can greed cause someone to commit a crime?

A

Rich could want more
It can lead to stealing or tax fraud so people can make a profit
Even human trafficking and making money from it

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17
Q

How does hate cause someone to commit a crime?

A

May attack someone who’s hurt you or insulted you.

Hate crimes based on race, sexuality e.t.c

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18
Q

How can unjust laws cause someone to commit a crime?

A

Some break laws because living how they want to live breaks the law e.g. when it is illegal to practise homosexuality
Some people break laws to protest against laws that are unfair e.g. Nelson Mandela broke many laws as he tried to fight for equal rights amongst white and black people

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19
Q

What do Christians view on people who break the law due to poverty?

A

Feel they may have good reasons for committing crimes I.e. to provide for their family
Feel someone is less morally responsible if they’ve been brought up thinking that crime isn’t wrong.

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20
Q

What do Christians do to help those lawbreakers?

A

May work to help reduce poverty and improve education

Offer rehabilitation instead of a harsher punishment

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21
Q

What do Muslims believe about lawbreakers due to poverty?

A

Believe that if so,some is stealing to provide for their family, then it is the Islamic community who have failed them by not looking after them.
This is because the community have a duty to provide for the poor of people e.g. zakah

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22
Q

What do Christians use against lawbreakers who commit due to poverty?

A

Do not See poverty and upbringing as an excuse for crime - believe that all people still have a responsibility to follow the rules and learn right from wrong.
Believe the poor should be able to help themselves out of poverty

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23
Q

What is a Christians view on lawbreakers due to mental health?

A

The deserve treatment rather than punishment
Believe if they’ve tried to seek medical help but it has been refused he’ll then their crimes aren’t their fault as they are more open to crime

Others believe people should still take measures to make sure they stay out of crime.

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24
Q

What is a for view for Christians about lawbreakers due to addiction?

A

Believe if they fall to addiction due to poverty/upbringing, they cannot be held completely responsible since their addiction can take over and make them do things they don’t wanna do.

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25
Q

What is an opposition to this?

A

Others believe it is a choice to use drugs and becoming addicted so they should be completely responsible for their consequences.

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26
Q

Why are people less sympathetic to lawbreakers due to greed?

A

Most Christians believe it is sinful to act out of greed and even worse to commit a crime due to greed, rather than poverty or mental health.
Jesus taught people shouldn’t be greedy as owning possessions is not what’s important in life.

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27
Q

Why are some Christians slightly sympathetic to Lawbreakers due to greed?

A

Feel they are missing out on important things - pray for them

28
Q

What Christians think about crimes due to hate?

A

Strongly oppose people committing crimes out of hate.

Jesus taught Christians to love everyone and not to harm others

29
Q

However, what is an opposition to this?

A

Jesus also taught that Christians should not judge each other for things that they do wrong as everyone does wrong sometimes.
So Christians try to forgive people and understand their situation.

30
Q

How have Christians sometimes done crime due to hate?

A

They act selfishly or impulsively against principles that they’d normally promote
Commit crimes against believe sinning against God
Some even attacked an abortion place

31
Q

What do most non-religious people believe on crimes due to hate?

A

Disapprove as it shows a lack of respect to others e.t.c

32
Q

Why do Christians think law should be followed (not opposed)?

A

Because God is instituted state authority - God wanted people to obey their rulers

33
Q

Why do Christians think some laws aren’t just?

A

It is a Christians duty and responsibility not to do bad things even if they are legally obliged to do so.
E.g. Christians hid Jews from Nazis because they believe that the persecution of Jews was wrong.
They respect people willing to take punishment to stand up for they believe in
Believe laws should be followed unless it contradicts their duty to serve God

34
Q

What are crimes that Christians find particularly bad?

A

Oppose crimes that are forbidden in the bible e.g. theft
Think crimes that cause the loss of human life e.g murder are bad as only God has the power to end life
Many consider some crimes of the similar type to be worse than others e.g. killing 20 people is worse than killing 1.

35
Q

What do Christians believe about hate crimes?

A

They normally oppose them as everyone is equal before God so no one should be reason to hate just because of race or sexuality e.t.c
But some hate crimes are carried out in religion so if there’s a hate crime against homosexuals, some people may not have a problem with it as they are condemned in the bible

36
Q

What is a quote for treating everyone equally?

A

“There is no longer Jew or Greek, there is no longer slave or free.”

37
Q

What do Christians view on theft?

A

Disapprove as it is forbidden in the Ten Commandments - “You shall not steal.”
Different instances of theft e.g. depending on intention, how much stolen
However it is now as bad as murder

38
Q

What do Christians view on Murder?

A

It is forbidden in the Ten Commandments - “You shall not murder.”
Believe life is given by God, and is not for other humans to destroy.
Normally seen as one of the worst crimes as your are depriving someone of life.
Human life has value and should be treat with dignity

Some believe abortion is murder and others believe hunting animals for sport is murder.

39
Q

What is Retribution?

A

Taking revenge against someone and making them pay for what they have done

40
Q

What is a quote in support of this?

A

“Eye for an eye, tooth for tooth.”

41
Q

Why do people support retribution?

A

Believe those who commit crimes believe those should be punished (with the same severity as the crime they did).
Old Testament teaches that punishment should equal the crime
Other people also think this is fair as it can provide fairness and peace to the victim/family for what the criminal did.
Be a deterrence knowing they’ll be punished at the same severity as their crime

42
Q

Why do people disagree with Retribution?

A

Believe it is not an appropriate aim for punishment because Jesus appears to have taught against his Old Testament which prompted revenge
They believe taking revenge is not loving
Other feel it doesn’t help to prevent crime or help criminals become better criminals.
If they have revenge against them, they may not want to co-operate with society in future

43
Q

What is deterrence?

A

Aiming to stop criminals from committing more crimes

44
Q

What are the views on deterrence?

A

Focuses on how if the potential rick of punishment outweighs the benefits of the crime, then this may make people less likely to commit crime in the first place.

Feel deterrence is a good reason for punishment because they don’t want to live in a dangerous and unstable society so they deter others from crime.

45
Q

What is reformation?

A

The aim to influence criminals into no longer wanting to commit crime

46
Q

What are the different views on reformation?

A

Many approve as it encourages people to get out of crime and be better people, but it supports people to get an education/job e.t.c without turning to crime.
Many people believe people should be give a second chance as the bible teaches that people are capable of reforming and Christians shouldn’t deny them that chance

However, some are skeptical that not all criminals can change and are bad people.

47
Q

What is the aim of protection?

A

Dangerous criminals should be locked up I.e. prison so that society can be safe without the risk of them harming others

48
Q

What is the aim of Reparation?

A

Makes criminals repair what they’ve done e.g. if some graffitied a wall, they will make them re paint the wall
Or if someone injure someone, they’ll pay money to them to compensate for the injury

49
Q

Why do some people disapprove of prisons?

A

Believe they do little to repair the damage of crime and it doesn’t reform people.
Argue they should be used for retribution and help protect the public from the dangerous criminals.
But believe that the criminals who want to rehabilitate back into society have many other ways not just prison

50
Q

What else can criminals do to serve time?

A

Community service, young criminals go to a young offender institute
Those that committed crimes due to mental health/addiction should be treated in clinics instead

51
Q

What is the debate about the conditions of prisons?

A

Some believe they should be basic as they are for criminals who have sinned and it won’t be a good deterrence, but others say they should be comfortable as they are people and have they’re rights.

52
Q

What is corporal punishment?

A

A punishment which punished someone physically

53
Q

What do Christians view on corporal punishment?

A

Disapprove of it as it isn’t loving and focuses on retribution.
But others like corporal punishment if it is deserved and acts as a deterrence.
Certain verses in bible allowed corporal punishment on criminals so Christians can justify it using this.

54
Q

What is the view on corporal punishments in Islam?

A

Many crimes have corporal punishment as compulsory e.g. theft, sex outside marriage e.t.c
But as these punishments are severe, there are strict levels of evidence needed so very few are convicted overall.
These punishments are aimed to deter people from every committing such offences.
However, many Muslim countries do not strictly enforce this punishment as it isn’t always applied fairly.

55
Q

What is community service?

A

A form of punishment where people are made to make reparations to their local community for their crime.

56
Q

What do christians believe about forgiveness?

A

Need to forgive others who have done them wrong because Jesus emphasised forgiveness.
Jesus died for our sins to be forgiven so if God can forgive us all, they have no right to not forgive others.
Believe if they don’t forgive, God won’t forgive them and they’ll be judged harshly by God.
Some Christians believe that with the legal system, sometimes punishments need to be used but they must let go of their negative feelings
When Christians feel it is unforgivable, Jesus taught that only rejecting God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit after knowing them or saying God is evil/devil is the only thing unforgivable

57
Q

What is a quote about forgiveness?

A

‘For if you forgive men when they sin against you, your Heavenly Father will also forgive you.’

58
Q

What do Muslims believe about forgiveness?

A

Forgiveness is optional - compulsory to forgive Muslims, but not necessarily non-Muslims.
If someone commits a crime against Allah, they are acting against Islam which doesn’t deserve forgiveness.
Victim’s Families can choose The forgive a murderer e.t.c or affect them getting a lesser punishment by forgiveness.

59
Q

What are the pros for the death penalty?

A
  • Retribution- If someone commits murder, they pay for it with their life.
  • Deters people from committing crime and upholds the law
  • Saves wasting resources on trying to reform criminals who can’t be reformed.
  • Society is protected from violent criminals
  • Criminals do not need to be provided for
60
Q

What are the cons of the death penalty?

A
  • Death is inhumane and makes state as bad as criminals
  • Not necessarily a deterrent
  • People should be given a chance to repent and reform
  • Good prison facilities means people are protected as the violent criminals are locked up tightly without needing to kill.
  • Death Row (waiting for D.P) costs a lot of money
  • Make a mistake - person could be innocent all along
61
Q

What do christian believe on the death penalty?

A
  • Many Christians (inc. Quakers) believe the death penalty is inhumane and makes state as bad as criminals
  • Believe everyone has a chance to be forgiven, to reform and repent
  • Jesus appears to oppose death penalty

*Some Christians actually agree with it - believe a serious crime deserves a serious punishment I.e. murder for murder
* Believe it is a good deterrent and protects people’s
“Whoever strikes a person mortally shall be put to death.”

62
Q

What do Muslims believe about the death penalty?

A

Death penalty is legal in many countries
Some believe it is a good sign of retribution
If the family request this and it is legally proved that it’s okay.
Death penalty can be given for adultery, abandoning the religion or murder e.t.c

63
Q

What is the sanctity of life?

A

That life is sacred and very special and can only be taken away by God.

64
Q

How is the Sanctity of Life used to dis support the death penalty?

A
  • God creates life and gave it to humans so humans are created in the eyes of God.
  • Human life is sacred as it was given by God and created in his image
  • It is wrong to destroy what is sacred and only God can take life
  • Therefore, to take life you sinning to a God
  • Humans can’t take another’s life (do not murder in Ten Commandments)
65
Q

Why is community service good?

A

Helps the criminals to reform as they are helping the community, serving time, and showing that they can earn forgiveness
It can also act as a form of retribution for minor offences e.g. vandalism as it acts as some form of justice

R.S PAPER 2 (4 decks)

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