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chem (main 4 online) > crev > Flashcards

crev Flashcards

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1
Q

ep why ions dif size 2 atoms

A

+ smaller: 1 less e- shell, attraction of nucleus shared bn less e-s so pulled in closer
- larger: attraction of nucleus shared over more e-s so x pulled in as close

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2
Q

ds e- density map (https://chemrevise.files.wordpress.com/2018/11/2-bonding-edexcel.pdf p2

A

atom surrounded by rings - e p on ring has = e- density

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3
Q

sf e- density map;

A

x shows edge of ion so hard 2 measure rd

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4
Q

e- density bn atoms: covalent, ionic

A

ionic: 0, covalent: hi

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5
Q

why multi bond shorter len, stronger

A

hi e- density so greater attraction bn e-s a nucleus

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6
Q

df compound containing 2 similar units

A

dimer

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7
Q

bond angle 7 compound shapes

A 
linear=180
trig planar=120
tetrahedral=109.5
trig bipyramidal=120 a 90
octahedral=90
bent(2 bonds+ 2 e- pairs)=104.5
trig pyramidal(3 bonds+ 1 e-pair)=107
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8
Q

df electro- vity

A

how much atom in covalent bond attracts e-s 2 itself

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9
Q

ds ionic-> covalent scale

A

covalent v small electro-vity dif
polar 0.3-1.7
ionic >1.7

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10
Q

which mols arent polar

A

symmetrical

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11
Q

ds alcohol a soluble

A

smaller alcohol soluble (c fm H bonds w wr)

t longer t C chain t less soluble

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12
Q

df hydration enthalpy

A

heat en released when bond fm w wr

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13
Q

dissolving rule

A

y if similar intermolecular F eg iodine in hexane as only dispersion forces

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14
Q

factors affecting metallic bond stren

A

num protons
delocalized e- per atom
size of ion (eg radius)
//proton, e-, ion

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15
Q

draw iodine, wr mols

A

io: I2 mols, weak bonding (London F) 2 otr I2 mols
wr: 2 covalent bonds 2 Hs, 2 hydrogen bonds

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16
Q

why graphite x conduct electricity bn layers

A

large en gap bn layers

17
Q

why simple molecular bad conductor

A

no ions 2 conduct, localized e-

18
Q

gp2 melting p trend

A

decrase down gp- atomic size up so dist bn + ions up so weaker electrostatic forces

19
Q

gp2 1st ionization en trend

A

decreases down gp- more shells so outermost further from nucleus, repulsion from inner e- shells oppose attraction from nucleus

20
Q

gp2 reactivity trend

A

increases down gp- ec 2 remove e- a so 2 form cations

21
Q

list gp 2 rxns

A

w Cl-> MgCl2
Mg w steam or otrs w cold wr: Mg ( white flame)+H2O-> MgO+H2
Mg w wr: Mg+2H2O-> Mg(OH)2+ H2

22
Q

list gp 2 oxides rxn

A

w wr: MgO+H2O->Mg(OH)2

w acid:MgO+ 2HCl->MgCl2+H2O

23
Q

substance used 2 neutral excess stom acid, why

A

Mg(OH)2 as v weak alkaline

24
Q

gp 2 sulfate trend

A

less soluble down gp- metal sulfates produced insoluble a coat surface of metal as it reacts

25
Q

ds thermal decomposition gp2 (x nitr8

A

gp2 carbonate-> gp oxide +CO2

26
Q

ep trend thermal decomp gp2

A 
more en req as more thermally stable
bigger cation (weaker +) so compounds x as polar so carbonate less distorted so C-O bond weakened less
27
Q

ep gp1 thermal decomp

A

won’t decompose
only +1 charge so x polarize Carbonate ion
(except Li as small

28
Q

equation gp2 Nitr8 therm decomp

A

2Mg(NO3)2 -> 2 MgO + 4NO2 + O2

29
Q

observation gp2 nitr8 therm decpn

A

brown gas appears (NO2), nitr8 solid melt 2 colourless solution then resolidify

30
Q

td gp1 nitr8 eq

A

2Na NO3->2NaO2 +O2 (Li td lk gp2 eles

31
Q

ep why flame test wks

A

heat cause e- move -> higher en level

e- unstable at lvl so move down, emitting en in fm of light as does so

32
Q

nature halogen

A

F-pale yellow
Cl=green,
Br=red lqd, gives offf brown/ orange fumes,
I=shiny grey solid sublime to purple gas
peas a sweetcorn, go 2 volcano, 2 discard grey sword

33
Q

halgon trend et-

A

ds trend elecctr- halogne; decrease down gp
as atomic radii up as more shells so more dif 2 attract e-
e- wants 2 catch otrs z get bigger so cant

34
Q

colour solution w: Cl br I (in wr a in organic solvent

A

wr: pale green, yellow, brown
solvent: colourless, yellow, purple

35
Q

ds oxidization of metals by halogens

A

Cl, Br c oxidize Fe2+ -> 3+,

I- reduced 3+-> 2+

36
Q

eq 1 eg disporoprtionation

A

Cl + wr -> HClO + HCl

37
Q

ds rxn NaOH a halogen

A

cold NaOH: NaCl+ NaClO + wr = colorless solution
used as bleech disinfectant
hot: NaI + NaIO3 + wr

38
Q

nm NaClO, K2SO3

A 
sodium chlorate (i)
potassium sulfate(iv)

chem (main 4 online) (10 decks)

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