Crete Flashcards
How long and wide is the island of Crete?
159 miles long
37 miles wide
What protects Crete vineyards from hot north African winds?
- Long range runs east to west with 3 large peaks to help block hot African winds and creates two very different climates on each side
- Mountain Peaks
— Psiloritis,
— Lefka Ori
— Dikti
What is Crete divided into?
The island is divided into four districts; from west to east
- Chania
— Named after large city
— Westernmost district
— Up to 500 m elevation - Rethymno
- Iraklion
— Named after large city
— Occupies the area between Mount Psiloritis and Mount Dikti
— Contains 5 of 7 PDOs
—— Peza PDO
—— Archanes PDO
—— Candia PDO
—— Daphnes PDO
—— Malvasia Candia PDO - Lasithi
— Furthest East
— 2 PDOs
—— Sitia
—— Malvasia Sitia
What PDOs are located in Crete?
Sitia PDO
Peza PDO
Daphnes PDO
Archanes PDO
Candia PDO
Malvasia Candia PDO
Malvasia Sitia PDO
Archanes PDO
- Region
- Style
- Grapes
- Aging
Archanes PDO
- Region: Iraklion
- Dry Red Wine
- Authorized Varieties: Kotsifali and Mandilaria (Mandilari)
Aging
- Επιλεγμένος (“Selected”) or Réserve: These terms are only allowed for dry wines, and are interchangeable. Selected/Réserve wines must age for a minimum 2 years with a minimum 12 months in barrel and 6 months in bottle.
- Ειδικά Επιλεγμένος (“Specially Selected”) or Grande Réserve: Also interchangeable and authorized only for dry wines, these terms require at least 4 years with a minimum 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle.
Candia PDO
- Region
- Style
- Grapes
- Aging
Candia PDO
- Region: Iraklion
Style
- Dry White
- Dry Red
Grapes
- White: Vilana, Vidiano, Assyrtiko, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified white), Athiri, (blended in any percentage), maximum 15% combined: Muscat Spinas and Malvasia di Candia
- Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria
Aging
- Επιλεγμένος (“Selected”) or Réserve: These terms are only allowed for dry wines, and are interchangeable. Selected/Réserve wines must age for a minimum 1 year, including at least 6 months in oak barrels and 3 months in bottle for white. For red the minimum time is 2 years with a minimum 12 months in barrel and 6 months in bottle.
- Ειδικά Επιλεγμένος (“Specially Selected”) or Grande Réserve: Also interchangeable and authorized only for dry wines, these terms require at least 2 years of aging, including a minimum 1 year in oak barrels and 6 months in bottle. For red the minimum time is 4 years with a minimum 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle.
Daphnes PDO
- Region
- Styles
- Grapes
- Alcohol
- Aging
Daphnes PDO
- Region: Iraklion
Style
- Dry Red
- Sweet Red (VDL)
- Natural Sweet Red (VDN) / VDN - Grand Cru
- Wine from dried grapes (Sun Dried / Vin Liastos)
- Authorized Varieties: 100% Liatiko
Alcohol
- Dry Red: 11.5%
- Sweet Red/Natural Sweet Red: 15% - 22%
- Wine from dried grapes: 17.5% (10% acquired)
Aging
- Επιλεγμένος (“Selected”) or Réserve: These terms are only allowed for dry wines, and are interchangeable. Selected/Réserve wines must age for a minimum 2 years with a minimum 12 months in barrel and 6 months in bottle.
- Ειδικά Επιλεγμένος (“Specially Selected”) or Grande Réserve: Also interchangeable and authorized only for dry wines, these terms require a minimum 4 years with a minimum 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle.
Malvasia Candia PDO
- Region
- Style
- Grapes
- Alcohol
- RS
- Additional
Malvasia Candia PDO
- Region: Iraklion
Style
- Fortified wine (VDN)
- Naturally Sweet Wine
- Authorized Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified as a white wine), plus a combined max. 15% Malvasia di Candia Aromatico and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
Alcohol
- Fortified wine (VDN): 21% (15% - 22% acquired)
- Naturally Sweet Wines: 18% (10% acquired)
- Naturally Sweet Wine: 80 g/l
Additional
- Vines may be trained in Goblet or on Trellis, may not be irrigated and may only be harvested after 4 years.
- Chaptalization and addition of concentrate grape must is not allowed.
- Fortification may be done by either: neutral spirit of vinous origin of 96% alcohol by volume or the product of distilled wine or dried grape spirit of between 52% and 86% alcohol by volume or a mixture of the two if products originate from the same varieties as the wine to be fortified. Fortification must take place by May 31 of the year after the harvest.
- Grapes must obtain a minimum 320 g/l sugar content after drying
Malvasia Sitia PDO
- Region
- Styles
- Grapes
- Alcohol
- RS
- Additional
Malvasia Sitia PDO
- Region: Lasithi
Style
- Fortified wine (VDN)
- Naturally Sweet Wine
- Authorized Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified as a white wine), plus a combined max. 15% Malvasia di Candia Aromatico and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
Alcohol
- Fortified wine (VDN): 21% (15% - 22% acquired)
- Naturally Sweet Wines: 18% (10% acquired)
- Naturally Sweet Wine: 80 g/l
Additional Requirements
- Vines may be trained in Goblet or on Trellis, may not be irrigated and may only be harvested after 4 years.
- Chaptalization and addition of concentrate grape must is not allowed.
- Fortification may be done by either: neutral spirit of vinous origin of 96% alcohol by volume or the product of distilled wine or dried grape spirit of between 52% and 86% alcohol by volume or a mixture of the two if products originate from the same varieties as the wine to be fortified. Fortification must take place by May 31 of the year after the harvest.
- Grapes must obtain a minimum 320 g/l sugar content after drying
Peza PDO
- Region
- Style
- Grapes
- Alcohol
- Aging
Peza PDO
- Region: Iraklion
Style
- Dry White Wine
- Dry Red Wine
Grapes
- White: 100% Vilana
- Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria (Mandilari)
Alcohol
- Dry White Wine: 11% max. 12.5%
- Dry Red Wine: 11% / 11.5%
Aging Requirements
- Επιλεγμένος (“Selected”) or Réserve: These terms are only allowed for dry wines, and are interchangeable. Selected/Réserve wines must age for a minimum 1 year, including at least 6 months in oak barrels and 3 months in bottle for white. For red the minimum time is 2 years with a minimum 12 months in barrel and 6 months in bottle.
- Ειδικά Επιλεγμένος (“Specially Selected”) or Grande Réserve: Also interchangeable and authorized only for dry wines, these terms require at least 2 years of aging, including a minimum 1 year in oak barrels and 6 months in bottle. For red the minimum time is 4 years with a minimum 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle.
Sitia PDO
- Region
- Style
- Grapes
- Alcohol
- Aging
- Additional
Sitia PDO
- Region: Lasithi
Style
- Dry White Wine
- Dry Red Wine
- Sweet Red Wine (VDL)
- Natural Sweet Red Wine (VDN)
- Wine from dried grapes (Sun Dried)
Grapes
- White: Min. 70% Vilana, plus Thrapsathiri
- Red: 80% Liatiko, plus Mandilaria (Mandilari)
- Natural Sweet Red Wine: 100% Liatiko
Alcohol
- Dry White/Dry Red: 11.5%
- Sweet Red: 15% - 22%
- Natural Sweet Red Wine: 14%
- Wine from dried grapes (Sun Dried): 11.5%
Aging
- Επιλεγμένος (“Selected”) or Réserve: These terms are only allowed for dry wines, and are interchangeable. Selected/Réserve wines must age for a minimum 1 year, including at least 6 months in oak barrels and 3 months in bottle for white. For red the minimum time is 2 years with a minimum 12 months in barrel and 6 months in bottle.
- Ειδικά Επιλεγμένος (“Specially Selected”) or Grande Réserve: Also interchangeable and authorized only for dry wines, these terms require at least 2 years of aging, including a minimum 1 year in oak barrels and 6 months in bottle. For red the minimum time is 4 years with a minimum 18 months in barrel and 18 months in bottle.
Additional Requirement
- VDN wines must be fortified during fermentation with alcohol of vinous origin of a minimum 95% alc. per volume, to between 5% - 10% of the volume of the spent mash, or 40% of the total volume of the finished product.
- VDL wines must be fortified prior to fermentation with alcohol of vinous origin of a minimum 95% alc. per volume. A maximum 1% alcohol from fermentation is allowed.
What style of wine is made in Peza PDO?
Dry White: 100% Vilana
Dry Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria (Mandilari)
What style of wine is made in Archanes PDO?
Dry Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria (Mandilari)
Which PDO in Crete is on the slopes of Mount Psiloritis?
Daphnes PDO
What styles are amde in Daphnes PDO?
Dry Red
Sweet Red (VDL)
Natural Sweet Red (VDN) / VDN - Grand Cru
Wine from dried grapes (Sun Dried / Vin Liastos)
100% Liatiko
What is Candia PDO named after?
Candia is the Venetian name for Iraklion
What styles are made in Candia PDO from what grapes?
Dry White: Vilana, Vidiano, Assyrtiko, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified white), Athiri, (blended in any percentage), maximum 15% combined: Muscat Spinas and Malvasia di Candia
Dry Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria
What styles are made in Malvasia Candia PDO from what grapes?
Fortified wine (VDN)
Naturally Sweet Wine
- Authorized Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified as a white wine), plus a combined max. 15% Malvasia di Candia Aromatico and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
What styles area made in Sitia PDO from what grapes?
Dry White Wine
Dry Red Wine
Sweet Red Wine (VDL)
Natural Sweet Red Wine (VDN)
Wine from dried grapes (Sun Dried)
White: Min. 70% Vilana, plus Thrapsathiri
Red: 80% Liatiko, plus Mandilaria (Mandilari)
Natural Sweet Red Wine: 100% Liatiko
What styles area made in Malvasia Sitia PDO from what grapes?
Authorized Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified as a white wine), plus a combined max. 15% Malvasia di Candia Aromatico and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
- Fortified wine (VDN)
- Naturally Sweet Wine
Which district in Crete have PDOs?
Iraklion
- Malvasia Candia
- Canida
- Daphnes
- Archanes
- Peza
Lasithi
- Sitia
- Malvasia Sitia
Whats the minimum RS on Malvasia Candia Naturally Sweet wine?
80 g/L
Whats the minimum RS on Malvasia Sitia PDO Naturally Sweet Wine?
80 g/L
