Creating an experiment design

Question 1

Advantages and disadvantages of repeated measures

Answer 1

+ Reduces random variability
less participants

• Cross condition effects (practice and fatigue)

Question 2

Advantages and disadvantages of independent participants

Answer 2

+ Participants in one condition does not affect another

• Individual differences between groups (random var)
  more participants

Question 3

3 parts of ABA experimental designs

Answer 3

1- Baseline condition measurement
2- Experimental condition measurement
3- Repeat measurement with no condition.

Question 4

Difference between longitudinal and cross sectional

Answer 4

1- repeated tests over long period of time
- accurate but uses more resources

2- Testing at different ages
- needs larger effects to be significant but less resources.

Question 5

Repeated design measures can lead to ___ and how to reduce these

Answer 5

Practice and fatigue effects

Reduce by changing the tests slightly- but this may effect level of difficulty

So we have half participants (randomly chosen- RANDOMISING) do test A then be and then other do B then A. To see if this is the case - COUNTERBALANCING.

Question 6

2 types of bias and how to reduce

Answer 6

Participant (attempting to guess the experiment and desired results and acting a certain way)

Experimenter (in the design, selecting and treatment of participants)

Reduce by

1- double blind design (neither Ex nor Par know the condition group)
2- External review (review the research funding and publications)
3- Research protocols and standardisation (repeatable procedure)

Question 7

How to reduce confounds

Answer 7

Matching participants who have similar traits and put them under different conditions