craniofacial trauma

Question 1

temporal bone fractures

Answer 1

90% have intracranial injury
9% have cervical spine injury
20% are transverse - severe facial nerve palsy and sensory-neuro loss as well as numbness and vertigo
80% are longitudinal with less severe facial nerve palsy and late onset

Question 2

superior orbital fissure

Answer 2

oculomotor (III) - ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, dilated pupil
trochlear (IV)
abducens (VI)
trigeminal (V) lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary branches - anesthesia over forehead
ophthalmic veins - proptosis
between greater and lesser sphenoid

Question 3

orbital apex syndrome

Answer 3

superior orbital fissure syndrome plus optic nerve

optic nerve and ophthalmic artery in lesser wing sphenoid

Question 4

blood supply to the condyle/TMJ

Answer 4

medullary branch of inferior alveolar artery