Cranial simplified

Question 1

OLd 
OPie
OCasionally
TRies
TRIGonometry
And 
Feels
VEry
GLOomy
VAGUe
And
HYPOactive

Answer 1

Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharangeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal

Question 2

I

Name
S, M, PS
Structures
Imbalance

Answer 2

Olfactory

S, smell

Structures: nasal mucosa, bulb, olfactory tract, olfactory cortex

Imbalance: loss of smell, anosmia

Question 3

II

Name
S, M, PS
Structures
Imbalance

Answer 3

Optic

S, vision

Retina, optic nerve, optic chiasma, optic tracts, thalamus, visual cortex

Imbalance: blindness (beyond optic chiasma is partial loss)

Question 4

III

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

22

Answer 4

Oculomotor

M, 4/6 extrinsic eye muscles (inferior oblique, superior/inferior/medial rectus) Direct eyeball
Levator palpebrae - raises upper eyelid

PS, to iris, ciliary muscle - Constrict pupil/control lens shape for focus

Imbalance: eye can’t be moved up/down/inward, droopy eyelid, can’t focus eyes

Question 5

IV

Name
S, M, PS
Structures
Imbalance

Answer 5

Trochlear

M, one extrinsic eye muscle - superior oblique

Imbalance - can’t rotate eye inferolaterally

Question 6

V

Name
S, M, PS
Structures
Imbalance

Answer 6

Trigeminal

S, general senses to face
V1-Ophthalmic - anterior scalp, upper eyelid, nose, nasal cavity, cornea, lacrimal gland
V2-Maxillary - Nasal cavity, palate, upper teeth, skin of upper cheek, lower eyelid
V3-Mandibular - ant. tongue (not tastebuds), lower teeth, skin of chin, temporal region of scalp

M, chewing muscles
V3-Mandibular - muscles of mastication

Imbalances: Trigeminal neuralgia (infl of nerve/very painful)

Question 7

VI

Name
S, M, PS
Structures
Imbalance

Answer 7

Abducens

M, one extrinsic eye muscle - lateral rectus

Imbalance: eye can’t move laterally

Question 8

VII

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

114

Answer 8

Facial

S, taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

M, all facial muscle (except chewing)

PS, lacrimal/nasal/palatine/salivary glands

Imbalance: Bell’s palsy (paralysis of facial muscle), lower lid drooping

Question 9

VIII

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

Answer 9

Vestibulocochlear

S, hearing and balance. (Cochlea, vestibule)

M, small amount - adjust sensitivity of sensory receptors

Imbalance: deafness, dizziness, rem, nausea/vomiting

Question 10

IX

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

411

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal

S, taste (posterior 1/3 tongue)
general senses from pharynx/tongue
Chemoreceptors in carotid body - o2/co2
Baroreceptors in carotid sinus - bp

M, pharynx (swallowing)

PS, parotid salivary glands

Imbalance: Impaired swallowing and taste

Question 11

X

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

413

Answer 11

Vagus

S, taste (epiglottis),
general from thoracic and abdominal viscera,
aortic arch baroreceptors,
carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors

M, pharynx/larynx (swallowing)

PS, heart,
lungs,
abdominal viscera

Imbalance: Loss of voice, difficulty swallowing, digestion problems, increased visceral organ activity

Question 12

XI

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

Answer 12

Accessory

M, trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles (move head and neck)

Imbalance: head would turn to one side if one sterno nerve was damaged, shrug shoulders would be difficult

Question 13

XII

Name
S, M, PS
Structures/Function
Imbalance

Answer 13

Hypoglossal

M, tongue

Imbalance: Difficult speech, difficult swallowing.

Question 14

Which four have Parasympathetic innervation?

Answer 14

3-7-9-10
Oculomotor
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus

Question 15

Some say marry money, but my brother says big business matters more