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Neuro midterm 2 (mods 8-14) > Cranial Nerves mod 13 > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves mod 13 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 general sensory modalities

A
  1. Pain
  2. Temperature
  3. Vibration
  4. Crude (light) touch
  5. Discriminative (fine) touch
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2
Q

What are the 5 special sensory modalities

A
  1. Taste
  2. Smell
  3. Vision
  4. Hearing
  5. Balance
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3
Q

Cranial Nerve I is…

It is found in the…

A

Olfactory

Telencephalon

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4
Q

Cranial Nerve II is..

It is located in the ___

A

Optic

Diencephalon

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5
Q

Cranial nerves III-XII are located in the

A

Brainstem

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6
Q

Which cranial nerves are important for speech?

Give name and number

A 
Trigeminal (V)
Facial (VII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)
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7
Q

Which cranial nerves are purely sensory

A

Olfactory (I)
Acoustic (VII)
Optic (II)

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8
Q

The motor cranial nerves are

A 
Occulomotor (III)
Trocholear (IV)
Abducens (VI)
Accessory (XI)
Hypoglossal (XII)
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9
Q

Mixed cranial nerves

A

Trigeminal (V)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
Facial (VII)

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10
Q

T/F Lower face and tongue is ipsilateral only

A

False, contralateral

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11
Q

The six cranial nerves responsible for speech are located

A

In the pons and medulla

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12
Q

What are the three branches of the trigeminal (V) nerve

A

Opthalamic, maxillary, mandibular

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13
Q

T/F The maxillary dimension of the trigeminal nerve is sensory

A

True

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14
Q

Name the motor aspects of the mandibular dimension of the trigeminal nerve (V)

A 
M.A.M.T.T (my ass might tense today)
Muscles of mastication
Anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid
Mentalis 
Tensor Tympani
Tensor Veli Palatine
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15
Q

The opthalamic dimension includes

A

Upper face
Upper/outer nose
Anterior scalp and forehead

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16
Q

The maxillary dimension of the trigeminal nerve includes

A 
Mid face
Cheeks
Lower nose/nostrils
Upper teeth, lips, alveolus
Hard and soft palate
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17
Q

The sensory portion of the mandibular dimension of the trigeminal nerve includes

A

Lower face
Lower teeth, lips and jaw
TMJ
General sensory of anterior 2/3 of tongue

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18
Q

What are the three sensory nuclei of termination of CN V

A

Main sensory
Spinal nucleus
Mesencephalic

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19
Q

CN V mediates input of ___ and ___ and output of ____

A

Facial reflexes, jaw jerk reflexes, Jaw jerk reflexes

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20
Q

A bilateral brainstem lesion of the vagus nerve may result is

A

Hypernasality, dysphagia, or bilateral vocal fold paralysis

Because if there is a lesion in the brainstem it affects:
Phonation, resonance, respiration, and protective reflexes (VP gag and cough)

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21
Q

Lesion to the right recurrent laryngeal nerve will result in

A

Right sided unilateral vocal fold paralysis

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22
Q

The lower motor neuron lesion of CN VII (facial) results in

A

Ipsilateral half face paralysis

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23
Q

T/F: An exaggerated jaw jerk reflux is due to a LMN lesion to the CN V

A

False

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24
Q

An UMN lesion to CN VII results in

A

Paralysis of the lower facial quadrant on the contralateral side

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25
Bell's palsy is due to a _____ motor neuron lesion to CN ___
Lower, facial (VII)
26
T/F: CN IX has two roots, bulbar root and a spinal root
True
27
T/F: CN X mediates the motor outputs of both the gag reflex and the cough reflex
True
28
T/F: CN XII (Hypoglossal) provides bilateral innervation to the muscles of the tongue
False Contralateral (predominately crossed innervation) provides innervation to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except palatoglossus).
29
Motor innervation for the anterior belly digastric is provided by CN ____, while motor innervation for the posterior belly digastric is provided by CN ___
Trigeminal V; Facial VII
30
The facial nerve mediates both the sensory input and motor output for the jaw jerk reflex
False, Trigeminal
31
The facial nerve mediates taste from the posterior third of the tongue
False, Anterior 2/3s of the tongue
32
The nucleus ambiguus is the motor nucleus for
Glossopharyngeal (IX), Vagus (X) and Accessory (XI
33
The sensory ganglion for the CN VII is the
Geniculate ganglion
34
The stylopharyngeus muscle is innervated by
CN IX
35
What are the branches of CN X
Pharyngeal, Superior laryngeal nerve, Recurrent laryngeal nerve
36
You are assessing a patient's ability to protrude the tongue and observe that the tongue deviates to the left on protrusion. This indicates
Lesions to either the ipsilateral LMN of CN XII or contralateral UMN of CN XII
37
You observe a bilateral vocal fold paresis during videostroboscopic exam. Your patient presents with he of a recent stroke involving a branch of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). The bilateral paresis is likely due to
A stroke involving the branch of the MCA
38
Where is the facial nerve located
Lower pons
39
The five main motor branches of the facial nerve supply
All facial muscles Posterior digastric Stylohyoid Stapedius muscle of the middle ear
40
Name the characteristics of bell's palsy
``` LMN disorder Affects entire 1/2 of face Labial corner drops Can't close eyes Most recover ```
41
If there is an UMN pathology there is a ____facial quadrant ___
Lower; paresis
42
Where is the glossopharyngeal nerve located
Upper medulla
43
What are the two sensory ganglion of CN IX
Superior and inferior Petrosal ganglion
44
The hypoglossal nerve is important for
Swallowing, mastication and articulation
45
T/F Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause unilateral vocal fold paralysis
True
46
The superior laryngeal nerve ____ branch innervates the ____
External; Cricothyroid
47
The extrinsic muscles are innervated by what CN
V, VII, and XII
48
The anterior belly digastric and the mylohyoid are innervated by
CN V and motor nucleus of V
49
The posterior belly digastric and stylohyoid are innervated by
CN VII and facial motor nucleus
50
What are the 4 main articulatory valuing components
Labial via CN VII Lingual via CN XII Velopharyngeal via CN X and XI Laryngeal via CN X and XI
51
CN X is motor to
Palatal muscles Pharyngeal constrictors Intrinsic laryngeal Cricothyroid
52
What motor components are assessed during a motor facial nerve assessment?
Muscles of facial expression (at reset, during function) | Lip gestures and lip strength
53
If there is a loss of taste and sensations on the posterior 1/3 portion of the tongue there is a _____ lesion to CN ____
Unilateral; IX glossopharyngeal
54
With a CN X nerve lesion LMN results in ____ and UMN results in HINT: what kind of paralysis/paresis
Unilateral/ipsilateral VF paralysis | Mild bilateral VF paresis
55
What motor aspects to you asses for CN XII
Fasiciulation (LMN damage); symmetry during function (protrusion); reflexes; ROM and tip precision; movement symmetry in elevation; tongue precision; and tongue strength
56
The characteristics of pharyngeal nerve lesion are
LMN lesion= ipsilateral impairment | Unilateral
57
What are the effects of bilateral UMN lesions?
Devastating effects on jaw movements Impact on mastication Impact of laryngeal elevation and swallow
58
LMN paralysis results in
Absent (ipsilateral) jaw reflex Muscle weakness Muscle atrophy
59
Facial nerve: LMN lesion results in
Ipsilateral half-face involvement | Mild speech distortion (dysarthria)
60
Facial Nerve: UMN Lesion results in
Contralateral lower facial quadrant paresis | Little or no observable impact on upper face
61
The spinal nucleus of V mediates
Sensory portion of facial reflexes
62
What are the 3 main functional components of the facial nerve
Special sensory to tongue and hard palate Voluntary motor to all muscles of facial expression Visceral motor to sublingual, submaxillary, submandibular and lacrimal glands
63
T/F the upper half face receives bilateral innervation
True
64
The lower half face receives _____ supply only from _____ motor cortex
UMN; contralateral
65
T/F: Lesion that is proximal to the geniculate ganglion is more severe with less hope for complete recovery
True
66
What are the two sensory nuclei of CN IX
``` Spinal nuclei of V (input comes from Superior petrosal) Solitary nuclei (input comes from inferior petrosal) ```
67
what are the two sensory ganglia of CN V
Superior jugular | Nodose (inferior ganglia to solitary nucleus)
68
If there is an absent or diminished gag, which CN is affected?
IX glossopharyngeal
69
A complete unilateral lesion results in
A loss of taste and sensation posterior 1/3 of tongue; diminished/unilateral loss of VP gag; dysphagia

Neuro midterm 2 (mods 8-14) (7 decks)

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