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Neuro 2 > Cranial Nerves CN I-IV & VIII > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves CN I-IV & VIII Flashcards

1
Q

Where do olfactory nerves originate?

A

In olfactory mucosa of upper portion of nasal cavity

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2
Q

What is the only sense, special or general, that reaches cortex directly and not via thalamus?

A

Olfaction

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3
Q

Lesion to CN I?

A

Anosmia.

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4
Q

How to examine olfactory nerve?

A

Odorants applied to each nostril with eyes closed.

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5
Q

The retina itself is apart of what?

A

CNS

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6
Q

Where do optic nerves originate?

A

Ganglion cells of retina

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7
Q

Where does optic nerve synapse?

A

Lateral geniculate body.

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8
Q

How do we connect to CN III so that pupils constrict?

A

Fibers from optic tract also form superior brachium which sends light reflex info to superior colliculus

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9
Q

Where does olfactory nerve synapse?

A

In olfactory bulb after transversing cribiform plate of ethmoid bone.

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10
Q

Lesion to CN II?

A

Anopsia

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11
Q

Where does CN II exit skull?

A

Optic canal via sphenoid

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12
Q

Where does CN III originate?

A

Oculomotor nucleus (motor)
EWN (parasympathetic)

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13
Q

Where does CN III exit skull?

A

Interpedunculuar fossa.

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14
Q

Motor function of CN III?

A

Extraocular muscles

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15
Q

Parasympathetic function of CN III?

A

Pupillary constriction in response to light and accommodation for near vision (spinchter pupillae muscle) and thickening of lends during accommodation (ciliaris muscle)

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16
Q

If oculomotor nucelus is lesioned what happens?

A

Ptosis. Cannot hold eyelid open.

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17
Q

What happens if CN III is lesioned?

A

Diplopia, ptosis, lateral strabismus, mydriasis, cyclopegia

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18
Q

What exits skull via superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III oculomotor

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19
Q

Level of nuclei CN III?

A

Midbrain at level of superior colliculus, anterior portion of the periaqueductal gray

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20
Q

Level of CN IV?

A

Midbrain at level of inferior colliculus, in anterior portion of periaqueductal gray

21
Q

Where does CN IV exit the skull?

A

Superior orbital fissure

22
Q

How to examine CN IV ?

A

Downward and inward eye movements

23
Q

Lesion to CN IV?

A

Diplopia when looking down and in and head tilt to the opposite side

24
Q

CN IV function?

A

Extraocular movements of superior oblique muscle

25
Q

Level of CN VI?

A

Lower pons at level of facial colliculus

26
Q

Function of CN VI?

A

Extraocular movements of lateral rectus muscle

27
Q

How to examine CN VI?

A

Lateral eye movements

28
Q

Lesion to CN VI?

A

Diplopia, medial strabismus

29
Q

Where does CN VI exit skull?

A

Superior orbital fissure

30
Q

Where do CN IV nerves decussate before exiting inferior to inferior colliculi?

A

Superior medullary velum

31
Q

Where does CN VIII originate?

A

Vestibular nuclei and cochlear nuclei

32
Q

Level of CN VIII for vestibular nuclei?

A

Lateral aspect of 4th ventricle

33
Q

Level of CN VIII for cochlear nuclei?

A

Acoustic tubercle

34
Q

Where does CN VIII exit at?

A

Cerebellopontine angle

35
Q

How to examine for CN VIII?

A

Caloric test and barony chair test for vestibular nuclei and Weber and rinne tests, audio gram for cochlear nuclei

36
Q

Lesion to CN VIII?

A

Vertigo, nystagmus, dysequilibrium. Loss of hearing, tinnitus.

37
Q

Name peripheral branches of CN V?

A

V1 opthalamic
V2 maxillary
V3 mandibular

38
Q

Where does V1 opthalamic exit skull?

A

Via SOF

39
Q

Where does V2 maxillary exit skull?

A

Foremen rotundum

40
Q

V3 mandibular exits skull where?

A

Foremen ovale

41
Q

Name the nuclei of CN V?

A

Nucelus of spinal tract of trigeminal (pain and temperature)
Chief sensory nucelus
Mesencephalic nucelus
Motor nucelus

42
Q

Chief sensory nucelus does what?

A

Touch

43
Q

Mesencephalic nucelus does what?

A

Proprioception

44
Q

Motor nucelus does what?

A

Mastication muscles

45
Q

What is the function of CN V?

A

Sensory to face, scalp, teeth, most of tongue, oral and nasal mucosa, dura mater, and cerebral blood vessels. Motor to muscles of mastication, the tensor tympani, and tensor veli palatini muscles, the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the diagastric muscles

46
Q

Describe sensory fibers coming in from all three divisions of CN V?

A

Psuedounipolar cells whose bodies are in the trigeminal (semilunar ganglion) or Mesencephalic nucelus for proprio

47
Q

Name muscles of mastication

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral ptyergoid muscles

48
Q

How to examine CN V?

A

Cotton swab touch
Pain by pinprick
Temperature
Corneal reflex
Jaw reflex
Masticatory movements

49
Q

Lesion to CN V?

A

Trigeminal neurgalgia, facial anesthesia or numbness, inability or difficulty to bite down

Neuro 2 (13 decks)

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