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Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

C.N. 1–2 are located in

A

anterior cranial fossa

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2
Q

C.N. 3-6 are located in

A

middle cranial fossa

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3
Q

C.N. 7-12 are located in

A

posterior cranial fossa

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4
Q

sensory nerves include

A

olfactory - CN 1
optic - CN 2
vestibulocochlear - CN 8

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5
Q

motor nerves include

A 
oculomotor - 3 
trochlear - 4 
abducens - 6 
accessory - 11 
hypoglossal - 12
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6
Q

mixed nerves include

A

trigeminal - 5
facial nerve - 7
glossopharyngeal - 9
vagus - 10

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7
Q

innervation of brachial muscles include

A 
trigeminal 
facial 
glossopharyngeal 
vagus 
and part of accessory nerve
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8
Q

damage to cranial olfactory nerve CN 1 is

A

anosmia loss of olfactory sensation can be caused by ethmoid bone fracture

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9
Q

optic nerve is what type of nerve

A

special somatic afferent (SSA)

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10
Q

optic nerve ends in

A

visual cortex area 17 3

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11
Q

can the optic nerve regenerate

A

no

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12
Q

muscle of the eye

A 
Lateral Rectus
Medial Rectus
Inferior Rectus
Superior Rectus
Superior Oblique
Inferior Oblique
Levator palpebrae superioris
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13
Q

medial rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve

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14
Q

lateral rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

abducens nerve

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15
Q

superior rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

superior branch of oculomotor nerve

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16
Q

inferior rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve

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17
Q

superior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

trochlear nerve

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18
Q

inferior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve

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19
Q

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve innervates

A

medial rectus inferior rectus and inferior oblique

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20
Q

blind spot of eye

A

optic disc

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21
Q

optic nerve is what type of nerve

A

general somatic efferent

general visceral afferent

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22
Q

levator palpeerde superioris muscle of the eye is innervated by

A

oculomotor nerve

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23
Q

double vision

A

diplopia

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24
Q

causes ptosis dropping of upper lip

A

denervation of elevator palpebrae

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25
Q

denervation of cranial nerve 3 parasympathetic fibres causes

A

paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia) and a dilated and fixed pupil

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26
Q

innervates the superior oblique muscle, which depresses, intorts, and abducts the eye

A

trochlear nerve

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27
Q

trochlear nerve is what type of nerve

A

pure general somatic efferent (GSE)

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28
Q

trochlear nerve paralysis leads

A

extorsion of the eye and weakness of downward gaze

vertical diplopia head tilting, to compensate for extorsion

29
Q

innervates the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye.

A

abducens

30
Q

abducens is what type of nerve

A

pure general somatic efferent (GSE)

31
Q

most common isolated muscle palsy

A

abducens nerve palsy

  • causes horizontal diplopia
32
Q

trigeminal nerve contains

A

sensory fibres which are
general somatic afferent (GSA)
motor fibres which are
special visceral efferent (SVE)

33
Q

V1 V2 V3

A

ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

34
Q

maxillary division of trigeminal nerve divides into

A
  • nasopalatine nerve, which passes through the incisive foramen
  • anterior palatine nerve, which passes through the posterior palatine foramina
  • anterior superior alveolar
  • middle superior alveolar
  • posterior superior alveolar
35
Q

motor nucleus of facial nerve (facial nucleus) is

A

special visceral efferent (SVE)

36
Q

superior salivary nucleus from facial nerve is

A

general visceral efferent (GVE)

goes to chorda tympani branch and join the lingual branch of C.N. V3

37
Q

gustatory nucleus from facial nerve is

A

special visceral afferent (SVA)

38
Q

nucleus of spinal trigeminal tract is

A

general somatic afferent (GSA)

from nerves intermedius

39
Q

facial colliculus

A

an elevated area located on the pontine tegmentum (dorsal pons) in the floor of the fourth ventricle. It is formed by fibers from the facial motor nucleus of the facial nerve loop around abducens nucleus

40
Q

facial nerves emerges from

A

stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face

41
Q

mixed nerve with five branches

A

facial nerve

42
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve is a

A

pure special somatic afferent (SSA)

43
Q

conducts equilibrium and auditory sensations to brain.

A

vestibulocochelar nerve

44
Q

acoustic neuroma

A

benign tumor that develops on the balance (vestibular) and hearing, or auditory (cochlear) nerves leading from your inner ear to the brain, as shown in the top image. The pressure on the nerve from the tumor may cause hearing loss and imbalance.

45
Q

lesions in vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve leads to

A

disequilibrium vertigo nystagmus

46
Q

first-order sensory bipolar neurons of the auditory part of vestibulocochlear nerve is located in the

A

spiral (cochlear) ganglion of the modiolus of the cochlea, within the temporal bone

47
Q

lesions in auditory part of vestibulocochlear nerve leads to

A 
hearing loss (sensorineural deafness)
destructive lesions = tinnitus
48
Q

ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

superior ganglion
otic ganglion
inferior ganglion

49
Q

glossopharyngeal supplies

A

parotid gland
stylopharyngeus muscle
posterior 1/3 of tongue
carotid body and sinus

50
Q

glossopharyngeal is what type of nerve

A 
both components 
(GSA)
(GVA)
(SVA) 
(SVE)
(GVE)
51
Q

GSA component of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

innervates part of the external ear and the external auditory meatus via the auricular branch of the vagus nerve

52
Q

GVA component of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

innervates the posterior third of the tongue, tonsil,
upper pharynx (soft palate), tympanic cavity, and auditory tube.
Innervates the carotid sinus (baroreceptors) and the carotid body (chemoreceptors) via the sinus nerve

53
Q

SVA component of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

innervates the taste buds of the posterior third of the tongue

54
Q

SVE component of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle

55
Q

GVE component of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Is a parasympathetic component that innervates the parotid gland

56
Q

loss of the gag (pharyngeal) reflex

A

(GVA) of glossopharyngeal nerve

57
Q

which nerves innervate infratentorial dura

A 
vagus nerve (GSA) component (meningeal branch)
C 2 and C 3
58
Q

GVA component of vagus nerve

A

Innervates the mucous membranes of the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, trachea, and thoracic and abdominal viscera (to the left colic flexure)

59
Q

has cell bodies in the inferior (nodose) ganglion

A

GVA of vagus

60
Q

SVA component of vagus nerve

A

innervates the taste buds in the epiglottis.
Has cell bodies in the inferior (nodose) ganglion.
Projects its central processes to the solitary tract and nucleus.


61
Q

SVE component of vagus nerve

A

innervates the pharyngeal arch muscles of the larynx and pharynx, striated muscle of the upper esophagus, muscle of the uvula, and levator veli palatini and palatoglossus muscles.
Receives SVE input from the cranial division of the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).

62
Q

provides the efferent limb of the gag reflex.


A

SVE of vagus

63
Q

GVE component of vagus nerve

A

Innervates the viscera of the neck and the thoracic and abdominal cavities as far as the left colic flexure.
Consists of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla, which project to the intramural ganglia of the visceral organs.
Consists of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the nucleus ambiguus of the medulla, which project to the intramural ganglia of the heart.

64
Q

contains the SVE component cranial division

A

accessory nerve

65
Q

cranial branch of accessory nerve innervates

A

intrinsic muscles of the larynx via the inferior (recurrent) laryngeal
nerve, with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle.

66
Q

spinal branch of accessory nerve innervates

A

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius.

67
Q

what type of nerve is hypoglossal nerve

A

pure GSE nerve

68
Q

hypoglossal nerve innervates

A

intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

Anatomy (9 decks)

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