Cranial Nerves Flashcards
1
Q
C.N. 1–2 are located in
A
anterior cranial fossa
2
Q
C.N. 3-6 are located in
A
middle cranial fossa
3
Q
C.N. 7-12 are located in
A
posterior cranial fossa
4
Q
sensory nerves include
A
olfactory - CN 1
optic - CN 2
vestibulocochlear - CN 8
5
Q
motor nerves include
A
oculomotor - 3 trochlear - 4 abducens - 6 accessory - 11 hypoglossal - 12
6
Q
mixed nerves include
A
trigeminal - 5
facial nerve - 7
glossopharyngeal - 9
vagus - 10
7
Q
innervation of brachial muscles include
A
trigeminal facial glossopharyngeal vagus and part of accessory nerve
8
Q
damage to cranial olfactory nerve CN 1 is
A
anosmia loss of olfactory sensation can be caused by ethmoid bone fracture
9
Q
optic nerve is what type of nerve
A
special somatic afferent (SSA)
10
Q
optic nerve ends in
A
visual cortex area 17 3
11
Q
can the optic nerve regenerate
A
no
12
Q
muscle of the eye
A
Lateral Rectus Medial Rectus Inferior Rectus Superior Rectus Superior Oblique Inferior Oblique Levator palpebrae superioris
13
Q
medial rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
inferior branch of oculomotor nerve
14
Q
lateral rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
abducens nerve
15
Q
superior rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
superior branch of oculomotor nerve
16
Q
inferior rectus muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
inferior branch of oculomotor nerve
17
Q
superior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
trochlear nerve
18
Q
inferior oblique muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
inferior branch of oculomotor nerve
19
Q
inferior branch of oculomotor nerve innervates
A
medial rectus inferior rectus and inferior oblique
20
Q
blind spot of eye
A
optic disc
21
Q
optic nerve is what type of nerve
A
general somatic efferent
general visceral afferent
22
Q
levator palpeerde superioris muscle of the eye is innervated by
A
oculomotor nerve
23
Q
double vision
A
diplopia
24
Q
causes ptosis dropping of upper lip
A
denervation of elevator palpebrae
25
denervation of cranial nerve 3 parasympathetic fibres causes
paralysis of accommodation (cycloplegia) and a dilated and fixed pupil
26
innervates the superior oblique muscle, which depresses, intorts, and abducts the eye
trochlear nerve
27
trochlear nerve is what type of nerve
pure general somatic efferent (GSE)
28
trochlear nerve paralysis leads
extorsion of the eye and weakness of downward gaze
| vertical diplopia head tilting, to compensate for extorsion
29
innervates the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye.
abducens
30
abducens is what type of nerve
pure general somatic efferent (GSE)
31
most common isolated muscle palsy
abducens nerve palsy
- causes horizontal diplopia
32
trigeminal nerve contains
sensory fibres which are
general somatic afferent (GSA)
motor fibres which are
special visceral efferent (SVE)
33
V1 V2 V3
ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
maxillary division of trigeminal nerve
mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
34
maxillary division of trigeminal nerve divides into
- nasopalatine nerve, which passes through the incisive foramen
- anterior palatine nerve, which passes through the posterior palatine foramina
- anterior superior alveolar
- middle superior alveolar
- posterior superior alveolar
35
motor nucleus of facial nerve (facial nucleus) is
special visceral efferent (SVE)
36
superior salivary nucleus from facial nerve is
general visceral efferent (GVE)
goes to chorda tympani branch and join the lingual branch of C.N. V3
37
gustatory nucleus from facial nerve is
special visceral afferent (SVA)
38
nucleus of spinal trigeminal tract is
general somatic afferent (GSA)
from nerves intermedius
39
facial colliculus
an elevated area located on the pontine tegmentum (dorsal pons) in the floor of the fourth ventricle. It is formed by fibers from the facial motor nucleus of the facial nerve loop around abducens nucleus
40
facial nerves emerges from
stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face
41
mixed nerve with five branches
facial nerve
42
vestibulocochlear nerve is a
pure special somatic afferent (SSA)
43
conducts equilibrium and auditory sensations to brain.
vestibulocochelar nerve
44
acoustic neuroma
benign tumor that develops on the balance (vestibular) and hearing, or auditory (cochlear) nerves leading from your inner ear to the brain, as shown in the top image. The pressure on the nerve from the tumor may cause hearing loss and imbalance.
45
lesions in vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve leads to
disequilibrium vertigo nystagmus
46
first-order sensory bipolar neurons of the auditory part of vestibulocochlear nerve is located in the
spiral (cochlear) ganglion of the modiolus of the cochlea, within the temporal bone
47
lesions in auditory part of vestibulocochlear nerve leads to
```
hearing loss (sensorineural deafness)
destructive lesions = tinnitus
```
48
ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve
superior ganglion
otic ganglion
inferior ganglion
49
glossopharyngeal supplies
parotid gland
stylopharyngeus muscle
posterior 1/3 of tongue
carotid body and sinus
50
glossopharyngeal is what type of nerve
```
both components
(GSA)
(GVA)
(SVA)
(SVE)
(GVE)
```
51
GSA component of glossopharyngeal nerve
innervates part of the external ear and the external auditory meatus via the auricular branch of the vagus nerve
52
GVA component of glossopharyngeal nerve
innervates the posterior third of the tongue, tonsil,
upper pharynx (soft palate), tympanic cavity, and auditory tube.
Innervates the carotid sinus (baroreceptors) and the carotid body (chemoreceptors) via the sinus nerve
53
SVA component of glossopharyngeal nerve
innervates the taste buds of the posterior third of the tongue
54
SVE component of glossopharyngeal nerve
innervates the stylopharyngeus muscle
55
GVE component of glossopharyngeal nerve
Is a parasympathetic component that innervates the parotid gland
56
loss of the gag (pharyngeal) reflex
(GVA) of glossopharyngeal nerve
57
which nerves innervate infratentorial dura
```
vagus nerve (GSA) component (meningeal branch)
C 2 and C 3
```
58
GVA component of vagus nerve
Innervates the mucous membranes of the pharynx, larynx, esophagus, trachea, and thoracic and abdominal viscera (to the left colic flexure)
59
has cell bodies in the inferior (nodose) ganglion
GVA of vagus
60
SVA component of vagus nerve
innervates the taste buds in the epiglottis.
Has cell bodies in the inferior (nodose) ganglion.
Projects its central processes to the solitary tract and nucleus.
61
SVE component of vagus nerve
innervates the pharyngeal arch muscles of the larynx and pharynx, striated muscle of the upper esophagus, muscle of the uvula, and levator veli palatini and palatoglossus muscles.
Receives SVE input from the cranial division of the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).
62
provides the efferent limb of the gag reflex.
SVE of vagus
63
GVE component of vagus nerve
Innervates the viscera of the neck and the thoracic and abdominal cavities as far as the left colic flexure.
Consists of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla, which project to the intramural ganglia of the visceral organs.
Consists of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the nucleus ambiguus of the medulla, which project to the intramural ganglia of the heart.
64
contains the SVE component cranial division
accessory nerve
65
cranial branch of accessory nerve innervates
intrinsic muscles of the larynx via the inferior (recurrent) laryngeal
nerve, with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle.
66
spinal branch of accessory nerve innervates
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius.
67
what type of nerve is hypoglossal nerve
pure GSE nerve
68
hypoglossal nerve innervates
intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles
