Cranial nerves Flashcards
What questions do you ask before testing smell?
Have you noticed any changes in your sense of smell?
Have you had a blocked nose?
Causes of unilateral anosmia
Head trauma
tumour
nasal polpys
Causes of nasal polpys
Allergic rhinitis
CF
Causes of bilateral anosmia
Neurodegenerative e.g. parkinsons and alzhiemers disease
URTI
Kallman’s
Tumour
Give the name of a nose tumour
Subfrontal meningioma
What do you do when you inspect the eye?
Size
Shape
Symmetry
What do you call a dliated pupil?
Mydriasis
What is another name for exopthalmos?
Proptosis
Anisocoria
Assymetrical eyes
What’s the mnemonic for testing eyes?
A acuity F fields R reflexes O opthalmoscopy C colour vision A attention B blind spot
How do you write up the snellen?
Distance from chart over lowest line number read + how many letters in the line you read e.g. if 2
e.g. 6/4
What happens if the patient can’t see anything on the snellen chart?
Reduce distance from 3m to 1m
If still not seen, ask pt to
Wat may cause decreased visual acuity?
Myopia - near sightedness Hyperopia - long sightedness Presbyopia Astigmatism Ambylopia - lazy eye Cataracts Age related macular degenration Optic neuritis Lesions
How far must you be to do visual fields?
1m
What is the
homonymous hemianopia
what is the quarter vision called?
superior homonymous h
What are the two types of reflexes for the eye?
pupillary
accommodation reflex
What do you ask about after doing these
double vision or pain?
What would cause constriction of the eye? Myosis
Opiod overdose
Horners (sympathetic is affected)