Cranial Nerves Flashcards
where does the olfactory nerves enter the skull
through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, then forms the olfactory bulb
where do the optic nerves exit the skull
at the optic foramen, near the pituitary stalk
where does the oculomotor nerve leave the skull
supraorbital fissure
where does the trochlear nerve exit the skull
supraorbital fissure
where does the trigeminal nerve branches exit the skull
opthalmic branch - supraorbital fissure
maxillary branch - foramen rotundum
mandibular branch - foramen ovale
where does the abducens nerve exit the skull
supraorbital fissure
what nerve(s) exit the skull at the internal auditory meatus
facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerves
what nerve(s) exit the skull at the jugular foramen
glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory as the spinal root of accessory enters through foramen magnum to join
where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull
the hypoglossal foramen
what structure enters the skull through the foramen magnum
vertebral artery
what is trigeminal neuralgia
extreme facial pain
what is an infection that can lie dormant on a nerve and why is this dangerous
shingles can lie dormant on the trigeminal ganglion, can then go through either division of the trigeminal nerve. if it spreads through opthalmic, can cause scarring on the cornea.
what nerves run through the supraorbital fissure
ocluomotor, trochlear, abducens, opthalmic division of trigeminal
what muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate
superior oblique muscle
what muscle does the abducens nerve innervate
lateral rectus
what muscle does the oculomotor nerve innervate
medial rectus, and hold eye up - superior
what muscle works to constrict the pupil and what nerves supply this
pupilli constrictor muscle - oculomotor nerve but parasympathetic fibres
what nerves provide sensation to the face
opthalmic division - supraorbital nerve
maxillary division - infraorbital nerve, zygomaticofacial nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve
mandibular - auriculotemporal, buccal and mental
what would you be concerned about if facial nerve was paralysed
orbicularis oculi paralysed - unable to blink to protect eye. would provide an eye patch to protect the cornea
how might the facial nerve be damaged during surgery to remove schwanoma of vestibulocochlear nerve
facial nerve also exits the skull at the internal acoustic meatus so runs close to the CN VIII. uses suboccipital retrosigmoid approach
what is horners syndrome
damage to sympathetic trunk in neck
what nerves come from the anterior division of the mandibular division of trigeminal
masseter nerve, deep temporal nerves to temporalis, lateral pterygoid nerve - then forms the buccal nerve for sensory innervation to cheek and gingiva
what nerves come from the posterior division of the mandibular division of trigeminal
auriculotemporal nerve, inferior alveolar nerve - mylohyoid nerve and mental nerve. lingual nerve
what is the chorda tympani nerve
supplies taste sensation to anterior 2/3rds of tongue, and parasympathetic supply to submandibular and sublingual glands, runs through lingual nerve but then leaves to join facial nerve and synapse at facial ganglia in brainstem
