Cranial Nerves

Question 1

are cranial nerves PNS or CNS?

Answer 1

PNS- connect to brain

Question 2

which nerves are sensory, motor, or both?

Answer 2

sensory- 1, 2, 8

motor- 3, 4, 6, 11, 12

both- 5, 7, 9, 10

some say marry money, but my brother says big boobs matter more

Question 3

where are the cell bodies of afferent spinal nerves

Answer 3

dorsal root ganglion

Question 4

where are the cell bodies of afferent cranial nerves

Answer 4

1- ganglion cells in olfatory mucosa
2- ganglion cells in retina
5- trigeminal
7- geniculate 
8- spinal, vestibular
9- superior, inferior
10- superior, inferior

Question 5

where are the cell bodies of efferent spinal nerves

Answer 5

somatic motor- ventral horn

ANS- 2 neuron chain- 1) lateral horn 2) autonomic ganglia

Question 6

where are the cell bodies of the somatic cells of cranial motor nerves

Answer 6

3- oculomotor
4- trochlear
5- trigeminal motor
6- abducens
7- facial
9, 10- nucleus ambiguus
11- spinal accessory
12- hypoglossal

Question 7

where are the cell bodies of the autonomic cells of cranial motor nerves

Answer 7

3- edinger-westphal/ciliary
7- superior salivatory/ pterygopalantine, submandibular
9- inferior salivatory/ otic
10- dorsal motor nucleus of vagus/ enteric in thoracic, abdominal viscera

Question 8

sympathetic neurons traveling with cranial nerves

Answer 8

start in upper thoracic nerves, travel to superior cervical ganglion and synapse. some post ganglionic nerves follow cranial nerves

Question 9

olfactory nerve

Answer 9

cell bodies in olfactory mucosa, axons through cribiform plate and to olfactory tract

sensory only

Question 10

optic nerve

Answer 10

afferent sensory nerves. ganglionic cells located in the retina. axons pass through optic canal

Question 11

oculomotor nerve

Answer 11

motor innervation of: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique

innervates levator palpebrae superioris

parasympathetic neurons cause pupil constriction and accomodation

enters through superior orbital fissure

Question 12

trochlear nerve

Answer 12

arises from dorsal brainstem and travels through superior orbital fissure to innervate superior oblique

Question 13

trigeminal nerve

Answer 13

divides into V1 opthalmic (superior orbital fissure), V2 maxillary (foramen rotundum), V3 mandibular (foramen ovale) at the trigeminal ganglion

sensory nerve of head, motor of chewing muscles

Question 14

abducens nerve

Answer 14

emerges from junction of pons and medulla. innervates lateral rectus. travels through mid cavernous sinus and through superior orbital fissure

affected by pathology in cavernous sinus

Question 15

facial nerve

Answer 15

emerges from junction of pons and medulla. goes through internal acoustic meatus and out stylomastoid foramen

innervates facial muscles, taste of anterior 2/3 tongue

parasympathetic- lacrimal glands and salivary

Question 16

vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 16

emerges from junction of pons and medulla. sensation of hearing and balance. travels through internal acoustic meatus

Question 17

glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 17

emerges from post olivary sulcus and travels down jugular foramen

sensory of middle ear canal, oral pharynx, and taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue

parasympathetic parotid salivary gland

Question 18

vagus nerve

Answer 18

emerges from post olivary sulcus and travels down jugular foramen

innervates muscles of pharynx, palate, and larynx

sensory- external acoustic meatus and pharynx

Question 19

accessory nerve

Answer 19

unique because it arises from spinal cord (upper 5 cervical neurons) goes up through foramen magnum and down jugular foramen

innervates traps and SCM

Question 20

hypoglosseal nerve

Answer 20

emerges from preolivary sulcus and leaves thru hypoglossal canal

motor innervation of the tongue