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Year 1 (PCS & Cases 1-6) > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Cribiform plate

Smell

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2
Q

Optic Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Orbit

Vision

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3
Q

Oculomotor Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

Levator palpebrae superioris
Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Inferior oblique
Medial rectus
Parasympathetic to ciliary and sphincter pupillae muscles.
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4
Q

Trochlear Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

Superior oblique

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5
Q

Opthalmic of Trigeminal Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

Sensory to forehead (upper 1/3 face)

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6
Q

Maxillary of Trigeminal Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Foramen rotundum

Sensory over maxilla

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7
Q

Mandibular of Trigeminal Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Foramen ovale

Sensory over mandible
Sensation to anterior 2/3 tongue (lingual nerve)
Motor to muscles of mastication
Mylohyoid & Digastric (anterior belly)

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8
Q

Abducent Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

Lateral rectus

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9
Q

Facial Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Stylomastoid foramen (via int. acoustic meatus)

Muscles of facial expression
Taste to anterior 2/3 tongue (chorda tympani)
Parasympathetic to submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands.
Sensation from external acoustic meatus
Stapedius, Stylohyoid, Digastric (posterior belly)

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10
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

Balance
Hearing

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11
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Jugular foramen

Taste and sensation to posterior 1/3 tongue.
Parasympathetic to parotid gland
Sensory from carotid body and carotid sinus
Stylopharyngeus muscle.

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12
Q

Vagus Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Jugular foramen

Taste from epiglottis.
Sensory and parasympathetic from larynx to midgut.
Palatoglossus, muscles of soft palate, pharynx & larynx.

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13
Q

Accessory Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Jugular foramen

SCM and Trapezius

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14
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve
Exit from the skull?
What is its function?

A

Hypoglossal canal

Muscles of the tongue (extrinsic and intrinsic)

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15
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the olfactory nerve?

A

anosmia = loss of the sense of smell

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16
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the optic nerve?

A

loss of vision

17
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the oculomotor nerve?

A 
ptosis = drooping of the upper eyelid
pupil dilation (remember! Paras normally constricts the pupil)
loss of reflexes
18
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the trochlear nerve?

A

diplopia = double vision

19
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the opthalmic nerve?

A

loss of sensation

20
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the maxillary nerve?

A

loss of sensation

21
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the mandibular nerve?

A

loss of sensation

paralysis of muscles of mastication

22
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the abducent nerve?

A

diplopia = double vision

23
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the facial nerve?

A

paralysis of facial muscles
loss of taste to anterior 2/3 tongue
dry mouth and eye (loss of secretomotor function to glands)

24
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve?

A

hearing loss
tinnitus = ringing in the ear
vertigo = feels as through environment is moving and swirling around

25
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

loss of sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 tongue

26
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the vagus nerve?

A

vocal cord paralysis

soft palate devation

27
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the accessory nerve?

A

paralysis of SCM and trapezius

28
Q

What is the consequence of damage to the hypoglossal nerve?

A

atrophy of ipsilateral tongue muscles

29
Q

Name the three main branches of the opthalmic nerve of trigeminal.

A

Lacrimal
Nasociliary
Frontal (splits into supraoribtal and supratrochlear)

Year 1 (PCS & Cases 1-6) (13 decks)

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