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Neuro > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves I and II attach to:

A

Forebrain

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2
Q

Cranial nerves are attached to brain and pass through?

A

Foramina magnum of skull

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3
Q

CN I attached to:

A

Telencephalon

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4
Q

CN II attached to:

A

Diencephalon

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5
Q

Olfactory Nerves

A

Sensory nerves of smell

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6
Q

Olfactory System

A

afferent neurons on the nasal mucosal membrane, olfactory bulb, portions of temporal lobe and inferior frontal lobe, and limbic lobe

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7
Q

Unmyelinated axons of CN I terminate:

A

In the two olfactory bulbs

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8
Q

Cortical olfactory regions are responsible for:

A

Olfactory awareness

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9
Q

Limbic connects of Olfactory nerves responsible for:

A

integrating smell with emotional brain

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10
Q

Anosmia/hyposmia

A

Reduction/loss of ability to smell

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11
Q

Hyperosmia

A

Abnormally acute sensation of smell

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12
Q

CN II

A

Optic Nerve

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13
Q

Optic Tract terminates

A

Lateral geniculate body of thalamus

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14
Q

From LGB, optic radiations travel

A

primary visual cortex of occipital lobe

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15
Q

Optic nerve lesions result in

A

Ipsi Blindness

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16
Q

Chiasmatic lesion result in:

A

Bitemporal hemianopsia

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17
Q

Post chiasmatic lesions close to LGB result in:

A

Unilateral homonymous hemianopsia

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18
Q

Legions distal to geniculate ganglion result in:

A

upper or lower homonymous quadrantopsia

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19
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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20
Q

Oculomotor Nerve innervates

A

Four of the six extrinsic eye muslces

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21
Q

Somatic portion of CNIII

A

responsible for eye and eye lid movement

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22
Q

Visceral portion of CNII

A

Controls function such as pupillary constriction

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23
Q

Unilateral damage to oculomotor nerve results in deficits in the:

A

ipsilateral eye

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24
Q

External opthalamoplegia

A

paralysis of extrinsic muscles leads to deviation of ipsi eye and eyelid drooping

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25
Q

Internal opthalomoplegia

A

paralysis of intrinsic muscles, permanent dilation of pupil

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26
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear Nerve

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27
Q

CN IV Innervates

A

Innervates extrinsic eye muscle; moves eyeball outward and downward

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28
Q

CN IV is the only CN that:

A

exits posterior side of brainstem

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29
Q

Damage of CN IV

A

Difficulty of looking downward and outward

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30
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens nerve

31
Q

CN VI innervares

A

Lateral rectus muscle, abducts eye ball

32
Q

Medial longitudinal fasciculus important

A

coordinates eye muscles for gaze control

33
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal Nerve, largest

34
Q

Sensory innvervations of CN V

A

From face & motor innervations to chewing muscle

35
Q

Jaw Jerk reflex

A

Reflex arc of nerve

36
Q

Three branches of trigeminal nerve

A

Opthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve, mandibular nerve

37
Q

Responsible for cutaneous and proprioceptive sensations from face, head oral nasal

A

Trigeminal nerve

38
Q

CN V controls muscles involved in chewing but not:

A

Facial expression

39
Q

Mandibular nerve carries only:

A

general sensory sensation from the mouth, not taste

40
Q

Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue:

A

Cranial nerve VII

41
Q

Taste from posterior 1/3 are carried by

A

Cranial nerve VII, IX, X

42
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Intense pain in eyes lips, nose, scalp

43
Q

Damage to motor portion of V

A

Paralysis of ipsilateral muscles of mastication

44
Q

Wallenberg Syndrome

A

Loss/pain on face ipsi, but body contra

45
Q

CN VII

A

Facial Nerve

46
Q

Facial nerve is a

A

Mixed nerve,

47
Q

Facial nerve controls

A

muscles of facial expression, but also taste information

48
Q

Damage to CN VII at level of pons?

A

All three main functions will affect ipsi muscles, excessive secretion, and loss of taste

49
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

50
Q

Glossopharyngal function

A

sensory and motor innervations of structures of tongue and pharynx

51
Q

Functions of IX include:

A

Sensory from post 1/3 of tongue, fibers to parotid salivary gland, motor fiberes to pharyngal muslces, swallowing

52
Q

CN X

A

Vagus Nerve, mixed

53
Q

Longest CN?

A

Vagus nerve

54
Q

Vagus nerve important for?

A

Phonation and swallowing

55
Q

Sensory information of Vagus

A

From external ear, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, trachea, heart

56
Q

Motor fibers of vagus

A

Pharynx and most larynx, soft palate

57
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory nerve, Controls head movement

58
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal nerve

59
Q

Hypoglossal is a

A

motor nerve

60
Q

Hypoglossal innervates

A

3/4 major extrinsic muscles of the tongue

61
Q

Deviation of the ipsi eye to the lateral side

A

Lateral striabismus

62
Q

Eyelid drooping

A

ptosis

63
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

64
Q

Permanent dilation of the pupil

A

mydriasis

65
Q

Motor nucleus that controls lower half of face:

A

Receives projections from the contralateral motor cortex alone

66
Q

Facial nucleus supplying upper facial muscles

A

received corticobulbar projects from both motor cortices

67
Q

Controls all of our voluntary movement

A

Pyramidal motor system or tract

68
Q

Two main neuron systems of Pyramidal system

A

UMN, LMN

69
Q

Extra-pyramidal motor system

A

Responsible for maintaining rhythmic, phasic behavior, does not initiate movement

70
Q

Upper motor neurons

A

Originate in the cerebral cortex, terminate in brainstem

71
Q

Muscles of face, head and neck are controlled by:

A

Corticobulbar system

72
Q

Lower motor neurons

A

Connect brainstem an dspinal cord to muscle fibers

73
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

Paralysis of upper and lower facial muscles

Neuro (10 decks)

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