Anatomical Structures of Brain

Question 1

Corpus Callosum

Answer 1

Largest commisural bundle, largest white matter structure

Question 2

Four parts of Corpus Callosum

Answer 2

Rostram, Genu, Body, & Splenium

Question 3

Left Hemisphere dominant for:

Answer 3

analytical skills, and receptive/expressive language

Question 4

Right Hemisphere dominant for:

Answer 4

Facial recognition, music, temporary/spacial orientation, and paralinguistic functions

Question 5

Cingulate Gyrus involved in:

Answer 5

emotion formation and processing, learning, and memory

Question 6

Septum

Answer 6

Midline structure, separates lateral ventricles

Question 7

Fornix

Answer 7

Connects hypothalamus and hippocampus of both hemispheres

Question 8

Thalamus

Answer 8

Important for sensorimotor integration and speech-language functions

Question 9

Hypothalamus

Answer 9

Controls various endocrine and autonomic functions (Food/water intake, sex, body temp)

Question 10

Pituitary gland

Answer 10

Hormones, regulating metabolic, sexual

Question 11

Anterior Commissure

Answer 11

Connects two olfactory bulbs

Question 12

Posterior Commissure

Answer 12

Contains fibers of Midbrain’s visual center

Question 13

Pineal glad

Answer 13

Secretes neurotransmitters

Question 14

Optic Chiasm

Answer 14

Optic fibers from medial retina cross midline

Question 15

Limbic System involved in…

Answer 15

emotion, motivation, learning, and emotional association with memory

Question 16

Limbic system operates by influencing…

Answer 16

endocrine system and autonomic nervous system

Question 17

Endocrine system

Answer 17

Produce hormones, with connections to prefrontal cortex

Question 18

Structures of Limbic System

Answer 18

Amygdala, Hippocampal function, cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, nucleus accumbens, papez circuit

Question 19

Amygdala

Answer 19

involved in emotions like aggression and fear

Question 20

Hippocampal formation

Answer 20

formation of long term memories, spacial navigation

Question 21

Cingulate gyrus autonomic functions

Answer 21

autonomic functions regulating heart rate and blood pressure, attentional processing

Question 22

Parahippocampal gyrus

Answer 22

Role in formation of spatial memory

Question 23

Nucleus accumbens

Answer 23

Reward, pleasure, addiction

Question 24

Papez circuit

Answer 24

Major pathwaysm cortical control of emotion

Question 25

Basal Ganglia is a:

Answer 25

Group of nuclei in brain associated with motor and learn fuctions

Question 26

5 Nuclei of Basal Ganglia

Answer 26

Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, claustrum, amygdaloid

Question 27

Function of Basal Ganglia

Answer 27

Maintain muscle tone needed to stabilize joint position, or inhibit muscle tone

Question 28

Interruption of feedback loop of Basal Ganglia

Answer 28

Uncontrollable tremors

Question 29

Substantia Nigra

Answer 29

Mainly involved with release of dopamine

Question 30

Red nucleus

Answer 30

Involved in motor coordination

Question 31

Striatum

Answer 31

main input zone for other areas to connect with basal ganglia

Question 32

Two pathways that control cortical motor control

Answer 32

Direct Pathway (Overal excitatory), Indirect Pathway (Overall Inhibitory)

Question 33

Thalamus function

Answer 33

Relay sensory information to cortex