Cranial nerves

Question 1

List the cranial nerves

Answer 1

OOOTTAFVGVAH
Olfactory, optic, occulomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibularcochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

Question 2

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN 1

Answer 2

Olfactory
Thalamus/cerebellum
sense of smell
-

Question 3

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN II

Answer 3

Optic (VEPs)
Thalamus/cerebellum
Vision
-

Question 4

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN III

Answer 4

Oculomotor
Midbrain
Eye movement
Inferior rectus (Under eye)

Question 5

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN IV

Answer 5

Trochlear
Midbrain
Eye movement
Superior oblique (over eye)

Question 6

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN V

Answer 6

Trigeminal
Pons
Face, nasal, oral teeth sensation
Masseter and Temporalis
(three divisions, V1-opthalmic, V2-maxillary, V3-mandibular[MEPs])

Question 7

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VI

Answer 7

Abducens
Pons (between pons/medulla)
Eye movement
Lateral rectus (lateral to eye)

Question 8

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VII

Answer 8

Facial
Pons
Facial expressions
5 BRANCHES (TZBMC)

Question 9

What are the five branches of CN VII and where are their monitoring sites

Answer 9

Temporal-Frontalis
Zygomatic-Orbicularis oculi
Buccal-Orbucilaris oris (or nasalis)
Mandibular-mentalis
Cervical-platysma

*branches pass through parotid gland

Question 10

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VIII

Answer 10

Vestibular cochlear
Pons (between pons and medulla)
Hearing
BAERs

Question 11

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN IX

Answer 11

Glossopharyngeal
Medulla
Swallowing, taste, and BP
Soft palate

Question 12

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN X

Answer 12

Vagus
Medulla
Sensations/movement of the heart, muscles of voice production
False vocal cords

Question 13

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN XI

Answer 13

Accessory
Medulla
Shoulder movement
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

Question 14

Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN XII

Answer 14

Hypoglossal
Medulla
Tongue movement
Lateral aspect of the anterior 1/3 of the ipsilateral tongue

Question 15

A cavernous sinus surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 15

CN III, IV, VI

all these nerves pass through this area

Question 16

An upper clivus surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 16

III, IV, VI

clivus=bone at base of skull

Question 17

A clival surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 17

CN V, VII, VIII

Clivus=bone at base of skull, tumors sometimes grow here

Question 18

A MVD trigeminal surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 18

V, VII, VIII

MVD-multivascular decompression where the vessel is compressing a nerve
Trigeminal neuralgia AKA tic douloureaux

Question 19

A pontine surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 19

V, VII, VIII

Pontine=having to do with the pons, so all the nerves originating from the pons (except the abducens, which originates from pons-medulla junction)

Question 20

A lower clivus surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 20

IX-XII

all the nerves originating from the medulla, which is right by the lower clivus bone

Question 21

Foramen magnum surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 21

VII, IX-XII

Question 22

Jugular bulb/foramen surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 22

IX-XII

all the nerves originating from the medulla

Question 23

CP Angle (eg: acoustic neuroma) lesion would affect what CN?

Answer 23

CN VII, VIII (V-XII if it’s large enough)

Question 24

MVD of the facial nerve surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 24

CN VII, VIII, ephaptic potential (synchronization/timing of action potentials firing)

Question 25

Petroclival lesion surgery involves what cranial nerves?

Answer 25

VI, VII, VIII

Petroclival means where petrous bone meets clivus

Question 26

What is tic douloureaux?

Answer 26

Compression of CN V
AKA trigeminal neuralgia-intolerable facial pain usually caused by superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
We monitor BAERs, CN V, VII, VIII

Question 27

What is hemifacial spasm?

Answer 27

Compression of CN VII
monitor ephaptic potential (synchronization/timing of action potentials firing)
stim isolated branch of facial nerve, then record delayed CMAPs from multiple branches
Monitor BAERs, CN VII and VIII also

Question 28

What does the suboccipital approach to the posterior fossa involve?

Answer 28

Posterior/lateral crani
requires cerebellar retraction
monitor CN V-XII

Question 29

What does the retrosigmoid approach to the posterior fossa involve?

Answer 29

More anterior crani than suboccipital approach
less cerebellar retraction
monitor CN V-XII

Question 30

What does the retrolabrynthine/retromastoid approach to the posterior fossa involve?

Answer 30

Anterior to sigmoid sinus
lesser exposure/ no cerebellar retraction
Monitor CN V, VII, VIII

Question 31

What is glossopharyngeal neuralgia?

Answer 31

Irritation of the ninth cranial nerve causing pain at the back of the throat
BAERs monitored and CN IX

Question 32

What does the pons control?

Answer 32

Respiration and sleep regulation

Question 33

What does the medulla control?

Answer 33

respiratory function
vasomotor control
contains nuclei of CN VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII