Cranial nerves Flashcards
List the cranial nerves
OOOTTAFVGVAH
Olfactory, optic, occulomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibularcochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN 1
Olfactory
Thalamus/cerebellum
sense of smell
-
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN II
Optic (VEPs)
Thalamus/cerebellum
Vision
-
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN III
Oculomotor
Midbrain
Eye movement
Inferior rectus (Under eye)
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN IV
Trochlear
Midbrain
Eye movement
Superior oblique (over eye)
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN V
Trigeminal Pons Face, nasal, oral teeth sensation Masseter and Temporalis (three divisions, V1-opthalmic, V2-maxillary, V3-mandibular[MEPs])
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VI
Abducens
Pons (between pons/medulla)
Eye movement
Lateral rectus (lateral to eye)
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VII
Facial
Pons
Facial expressions
5 BRANCHES (TZBMC)
What are the five branches of CN VII and where are their monitoring sites
Temporal-Frontalis Zygomatic-Orbicularis oculi Buccal-Orbucilaris oris (or nasalis) Mandibular-mentalis Cervical-platysma
*branches pass through parotid gland
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN VIII
Vestibular cochlear
Pons (between pons and medulla)
Hearing
BAERs
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
Medulla
Swallowing, taste, and BP
Soft palate
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN X
Vagus
Medulla
Sensations/movement of the heart, muscles of voice production
False vocal cords
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN XI
Accessory
Medulla
Shoulder movement
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
Name, origin, function, and location of monitoring site for CN XII
Hypoglossal
Medulla
Tongue movement
Lateral aspect of the anterior 1/3 of the ipsilateral tongue
A cavernous sinus surgery involves what cranial nerves?
CN III, IV, VI
all these nerves pass through this area
An upper clivus surgery involves what cranial nerves?
III, IV, VI
clivus=bone at base of skull
A clival surgery involves what cranial nerves?
CN V, VII, VIII
Clivus=bone at base of skull, tumors sometimes grow here
A MVD trigeminal surgery involves what cranial nerves?
V, VII, VIII
MVD-multivascular decompression where the vessel is compressing a nerve
Trigeminal neuralgia AKA tic douloureaux
A pontine surgery involves what cranial nerves?
V, VII, VIII
Pontine=having to do with the pons, so all the nerves originating from the pons (except the abducens, which originates from pons-medulla junction)
A lower clivus surgery involves what cranial nerves?
IX-XII
all the nerves originating from the medulla, which is right by the lower clivus bone
Foramen magnum surgery involves what cranial nerves?
VII, IX-XII
Jugular bulb/foramen surgery involves what cranial nerves?
IX-XII
all the nerves originating from the medulla
CP Angle (eg: acoustic neuroma) lesion would affect what CN?
CN VII, VIII (V-XII if it’s large enough)
MVD of the facial nerve surgery involves what cranial nerves?
CN VII, VIII, ephaptic potential (synchronization/timing of action potentials firing)
Petroclival lesion surgery involves what cranial nerves?
VI, VII, VIII
Petroclival means where petrous bone meets clivus
What is tic douloureaux?
Compression of CN V
AKA trigeminal neuralgia-intolerable facial pain usually caused by superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
We monitor BAERs, CN V, VII, VIII
What is hemifacial spasm?
Compression of CN VII
monitor ephaptic potential (synchronization/timing of action potentials firing)
stim isolated branch of facial nerve, then record delayed CMAPs from multiple branches
Monitor BAERs, CN VII and VIII also
What does the suboccipital approach to the posterior fossa involve?
Posterior/lateral crani
requires cerebellar retraction
monitor CN V-XII
What does the retrosigmoid approach to the posterior fossa involve?
More anterior crani than suboccipital approach
less cerebellar retraction
monitor CN V-XII
What does the retrolabrynthine/retromastoid approach to the posterior fossa involve?
Anterior to sigmoid sinus
lesser exposure/ no cerebellar retraction
Monitor CN V, VII, VIII
What is glossopharyngeal neuralgia?
Irritation of the ninth cranial nerve causing pain at the back of the throat
BAERs monitored and CN IX
What does the pons control?
Respiration and sleep regulation
What does the medulla control?
respiratory function
vasomotor control
contains nuclei of CN VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII
