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CNIM Prep > Conditions and Diseases > Flashcards

Conditions and Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Tinels

A

Tap on nerve»parasthesia

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2
Q

Rombergs test

A

Close eyes»push on back/chest»falls over

proprioception loss

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3
Q

Babinskis

A

Sole of foot stroked»toes fan out» upper motor lesion

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4
Q

Hoffmann’s

A

Flick middle finger>clawing motion on hand>cervical myelopathy

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5
Q

LHermitte’s

A

Flex neck>shock sensation down body>cervical instability or stenosis

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6
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Central demyelinating disease, possible abnormal SSEPs (esp lowers, increased lumbar to cortical conduction time/decreased central conduction velocity)
Age of onset: 15-40 years

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7
Q

Diabetes

A

neuropathy, slow responses

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8
Q

Charcot Marie Tooth

A

peripheral neuropathy demyelinating

most common neurological disorder
CMT pt lose use of their extremities as nerves degenerate, occasional loss of sensory nerve functions
SEP delayed with central prolongation (cortical delay) in lower SSEP

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9
Q

Friedrich’s ataxia

A

Progressive degenerative disease targeting large myelinated fibers
Symptoms include muscle weakness, ataxia, loss of sensation in the extremities
Typically normal SSEP

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10
Q

ataxia

A

uncoordinated muscle activity resulting in a staggering gait

loss of balance and coordination

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11
Q

Apraxia

A

Inability to produce purposeful movements

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12
Q

Meningocele

A

Fluid filled meninges protrusion

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13
Q

Myelomenigocele

A

A menigeocele with spinal cord and/or nerve roots included in the protrusion

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14
Q

Syringomyelia

A

central canal filled with fluid in spinal cord

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15
Q

Chiari malformation

A

malpositioned cerebellum tonsils into foramen magnum

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16
Q

tourettes

A

brain disorder-no effect on SSEPs

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17
Q

Radiculopathy

A

pinched nerve root

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18
Q

myelopathy

A

disease of the spinal cord

19
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

anterior displacement of a vertebra (usually L5) over the inferior vertebra

20
Q

Spondylosis

A

Degenerative changes in the vertebrae

21
Q

ankylosis

A

a fused joint

22
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a lumen

23
Q

dyskinesia

A

abnormal movement

24
Q

Tinnitus

A

noise in ear/ringing/buzzing

Caused by buildup of cerumen, damage to eardrum, disease, or drugs (aspirin/quinene)

25
Q

Vertigo

A

Hallucination that one is moving or their surrounding environment is moving

A symptom found in those with diseases in the labyrinth, vestibular nerve, or its nuclei in the brainstem

26
Q

Meniere’s Disease

A

inner ear disturbance caused by fluid imbalance

symptoms include vertigo and tinnitus

ABR might be abnormal if symptomatic

27
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Ossicles fusing together resulting in conductive hearing loss

28
Q

Otitis media

A

acute infection of the middle ear cavity with the reddening and outward bulging of the eardrum, which may rupture

29
Q

Acustic neuroma/Vestibular schwannoma

A

Tumor of the cochlear or vestibular branch of the VIIIth nerve (acoustic nerve)

30
Q

CPA tumor

A

Tumor in the cerebello-pontine angle, usually affecting the VIIth and the VIIIth nerves

31
Q

Bells palsy

A

Loss of function of the facial nerve- CN VII/facial

32
Q

Brainstem injury results in what regarding sensory and motor?

A

results in IPSILATERAL cranial nerve deficits and CONTRALATERAL sensory-motor deficits

33
Q

Huntingtons Chorea

A

characterized by uncoordinated, jerky body movements and a decline in some mental abilities
cortical response may have low amplitude and delayed latency

34
Q

Parasthesia

A

tingling associated with peripheral nerve damage

35
Q

Pseudarthrosis

A

“False joint”

bone fracture with no chance of mending, new fracture resembles a fibrous joint

36
Q

Tethered cord syndrome

A

cord is prevented from normal upward movement during development
*EAS, external urethral sphincter, and tib ant are monitored (S1-S2)

37
Q

Selective dorsal rhizotomy

A

procedure for the treatment/reduction of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy
*EMG monitored-surgeon will stimulate nerve fibers and section off the ones that give abnormal/excessive responses
** bipolar stim with 30-50Hz pulse train
5-15 rootlets per root

38
Q

define afterdischarge

A

prolonged EMG discharge after rootlet stimulation has ceased

39
Q

Agnosia

A

loss of ability to recognize objects, people, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss

40
Q

Define anastamosis

A

nerve graft

41
Q

Proprioception

A

body and space awareness

communicated by the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway

42
Q

Brown-sequard syndrome

A

lateral hemi-section of the cord producing *ipsilateral loss of motor function and *contralateral loss of major sensory function below level of injury

43
Q

Torticollis

A

stiff neck caused by spastic contraction of neck muscles drawing the head to one side with chin pointing to the other side

44
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

polyneuritis with progressive muscular weakness of extremities
body’s immune system attacks part of the PNS

CNIM Prep (13 decks)

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