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Sc 23 - Head and neck Neuroanatomy > Cranial nerve anatomy > Flashcards

Cranial nerve anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Cribriform plate

A 
Olfactory nerve (I)
Meninges
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2
Q

Optic Foramen

A 
Optic Nerve (II) 
Opthalmic Artery
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3
Q

Superior Orbital Fissure

N.b. all cranial nerves passing through here move the eyes

A 
Occulomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Ophthalmic branch of Trigeminal (V1)
Abducens (VI)
Ophthalmic veins
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4
Q

Occulomotor

A

Originates: Mid-brain

Controls all extraocular muscles (except sup oblique and lateral rectus _ LR6SO4) and levator palpebrae superioris

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5
Q

Occulomotor

Route

A

Emerges from brain
CN III passes btwn sup cerebellar and post cerebral arteries
pierces dura mater
runs along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus

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6
Q

Foramen Rotundum

A

Maxillary branch of the Trigeminal (V2)

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7
Q

Foramen Ovale

A

Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal (V3)

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8
Q

Foramen Spinosum

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

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9
Q

Foramen Lacerum

A

Crossed by the Internal Carotid Artery

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10
Q

Internal Acoustic Meatus

A 
Facial nerve (VII)
Vestibulocochlear nerve (VII)
Labyrinthine artery
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11
Q

Jugular Foramen

A 
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Vagus nerve (X)
Accesory nerve (XI) 
Inferior petrosal sinus
Sigmoid sinus
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12
Q

Hypoglossal foramen

A

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

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13
Q

Foramen Magnum

A 
Midbrain: runs superiorly through the opening to join with the diencephalon
Vertebral Artery
XIsp
Meninges
CSF
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14
Q

Cranial Nerves

A 
I - OLFACTORY
II - OPTIC
III- OCCULOMOTOR
IV - TROCHLEAR
V - TRIGEMINAL
VI - ABDUCENS
VII - FACIAL
VIII - VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
IX - GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
X- VAGUS
XI - ACCESSORY
XII - HYPOGLOSSAL
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15
Q

Cranial nerves 3,4 & 6

A

All move the eye
CN III - Occulomotor
CN IV - Trochlear
CN VI - Abducens

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16
Q

Hypoglossal nerve CN XII

A

Moves the tongue

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17
Q

Cranial nerve pneumonics

A

On Old Olympic Tower Tops A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops

To know if a CN is Sensory, Motor or Both:
Some Say Marry Money But My Brother Say Big Boobs Matter More

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18
Q

Anterior Portion of Brain

A
  • CN I Olfactory
  • CN II Optic
  • CN III Occulomotor
  • CN IV Trochlear
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19
Q

Pons

A
  • CN V Trigeminal
  • CN VI Abducens
  • CN VII Facial
  • CN VIII Vestibulocochlear: arises in the inner ear and goes to the pons
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20
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A
  • CN IX Glossopharyngeal
  • CN X Vagus
  • CN XI (spinal) Accessory)
  • CN XII Hypoglossal
21
Q

Difference between Optic Nerve & Optic Tract

A

Optic Nerve:
- Just nerve fibres from one side
Optic Tract:
- Fibres from both sides

22
Q

Functional anatomy of cranial nerves

A

Chewing & swallowing (tasting and smelling)
Talking
Looking
Non-verbal communication (facial expressions)
Hearing

23
Q

Sensory CN
(Afferent only)
* Sensory part lies in the periphery

A

Olfactory - CN I
Optic - CN II
Vestibulocochlear - CN VIII

24
Q

Motor CN

Efferent only

A 
Occulomotor - CN III
Trochlear - CN IV
Abducens - CN VI
(Spinal) Accessory - CN XI
Hypoglossal - CN XII
25
Q

Mixed CN

Both Afferent and Efferent

A

Trigeminal - CN V
Facial - CN VII
Glossopharyngeal - CN IX
Vagus - CN X

26
Q

Cranial nerves that have an AUTONOMIC part
They carry the “cranial” part of the craniosacral autonomic or parasympathetic outflow from the CNS
- 4 of them

A

CN III - Occulomotor
CN VII - Facial
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
CN X - Vagus

27
Q

CN Sensory Supply

- Cutaneous

A

Scalp
Face
Neck

28
Q

CN Sensory Supply

- Non-cutaneous

A 
Oral cavity (mucosa, tongue and teeth)
Cornea
Nasal Cavity & Paranasal sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx
Tympanic Membrane
29
Q

CN Sensory Supply

- Articular

A

TMJ - temperomandibular joint
Cervical vertebrae
Atlanto-occipital joint

30
Q

CN Motor Supply

A 
Muscles of facial expression
Muscles of mastication
Extra-ocular muscles
Muscles of the tongue
Muscles of the larynx and pharynx
Cervical muscles
31
Q 
Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:
- Smell
A

CN I Olfactory

32
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Visual acuity
  • visual fields
  • ocular fundi
A

CN II Optic

33
Q 
Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:
- Pupillary reactions
A

CN II Optic

CN III Oculomotor

34
Q 
Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:
- Extra-ocular movements, including opening of the eyes
A

CN III Oculomotor
CN IV Trochlear
CN VI Abducens

35
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Facial sensation
  • movements of the jaw
  • corneal reflexes
A

CN V Trigeminal

36
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Facial movements
  • gustation (ant 2/3rds tongue)
A

CN VII Facial

37
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Hearing
  • balance
A

CN VIII Vestibulocochlear

38
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Swallowing
  • Elevation of the palate
  • Gag reflex
  • Gustation (post 1/3rd tongue)
A

CN IX Glossopharyngeal

CN X Vagus

39
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Voice
  • Speech
A

CN V Trigeminal
CN VII Facial
CN X Vagus
CN XII Hypoglossal

40
Q

Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:

  • Shrugging the shoulders
  • Turning the head
A

CN XI Spinal Accessory

41
Q 
Cranial nerve(s) responsible for:
- Movement and protrusion of the tongue
A

CN XII Hypoglossal

42
Q

Abducens Nerve

- Passes through the SOF

A

Supplies Lateral Rectus Muscle

- allows you to move eyes laterally

43
Q

Facial Nerve CN VII

- passes through the IAM

A

Comes out just below the ear and passes through the Parotid (salivary gland)
Part of it carries sensation from the outside of the ear
Branch of the nerve carries taste sensation from the front 2/3rds of the tongue
splits into several branches
Controls the muscles of facial expression
Simulates the salivary glands to produce saliva

44
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)

A

Sensory: to oropharynx
Motor: only to stylopharyngeus muscle

45
Q

Only cranial nerve to exit the brainstem on the posterior side

A

CN IV Trochlear

46
Q

Largest CN

A

Trigeminal

47
Q

Longest CN

A

CN X Vagus

- reaches from the Medulla to the digestive and urinary organs

48
Q

CN’s that carry sensory info about B.P. to the brain?

A

CN IX Glossopharyngeal

CN X Vagus

49
Q

CN primarily responsible for pupillary constriction

A

CN III Occulomotor

Sc 23 - Head and neck Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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