Craik and Tulving LOP STUDY (1975)

Question 1

What is the aim?

Answer 1

Whether word processed for meaning are remembered better than words processed for sound or appearance.

Question 2

__ students were individually given ______ _____

Answer 2

20

reading lists

Question 3

How many words?

Answer 3

40

Question 4

How many syllables were the words?

Answer 4

1 - 2

Question 5

What were the participants asked?

Answer 5

Whether each word was CAPITALS (structural)
Rhymed with another word (phonetic)
Part of a category/fitted a gap in a sentence (semantic)

Question 6

What control was put in place?

Answer 6

All the questions and words were rotated so that each participant received a different combination. This controlled how memorable each word might be.

Question 7

What were the participants unaware of?

Answer 7

That the experiment was concerned with memory, so were not expecting to be tested.

Question 8

What were the participants later tested on? 2 points

Answer 8

• Recall of the words (asked to remember as many words as possible)
• Recognition ( chose the words from a selection)

Question 9

What were the findings? Point 1

Answer 9

In all the experiments participants remembered the words best that had been processed semantically.

Question 10

What percentage of words were recognised immediately and why?

Answer 10

96%

Because they were processed semantically

Question 11

What was memory worst for? What Percent?

Answer 11

Words that had been processed structurally

18% were recognised

Question 12

What is the conclusion drawn? 2 points

Answer 12

• Depth of processing affects how well words are remembered

- Semantic processing (thinking about the meaning of the words) leads to them bring remembered best

Question 13

Weakness

Answer 13

Not representative

Question 14

Strength

Answer 14

Control for extraneous variables