CPT2: Nutrition and Cancer

Question 1

What reccomendation do the world and American Cancer institute reccomend ro reduce risk of cancer?

Answer 1

Question 2

Describe ‘ be a healthy weight’

What does this means and how can this be achived?

Answer 2

• Keep your weight within healthy range and avoid weight gain in adult life
  
  • BMI: 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m²
• This can be acheived by following the other reccomendations 2-7 i.e
  
  • Physical activtiy
  • Diet rich in whole grain, veg, fruit and beans
  • Limit fast food and other processed foods high in fat starches or sugar
  • Limit consumation of red meat and processsed meat
  • Limit sugar sweetened drink
  • Limit alcohol consumtion

Question 3

Describe the recomendation of ‘be physcially active’

What does this mean and how can this be achieved

Answer 3

Be physcially active as part of everyday life-walk more and sit less

• Incoperate exercise into occupation or mode of transport
• Exercise for longer of more vigourous exercise is better
  
  • Moderate physical activity increases HR to 60-75% max HR
• Less screen time - phone, laptops, TV
  
  • During this time tend to eat worse food and drinks
• WHO: Be active daily, taking part throughout the week in ≥150 of moderate-intensity PA, aeorobic PA or ≥75 min of vigourous activity (or a combo)

Question 4

Describe ‘Diet rich in whole grain, veg, fruit and beans’

What does this mean and how do u acheive it?

Answer 4

Question 5

Describe the 3rd reccomendation

How can this be achived?

Answer 5

Question 6

Describe ‘limit consumption of red and processed meat’

What does this mean and how is this achieved?

Answer 6

Eat no more than moderate amounts of red meat such as beef, pork and lamb. Eat little if any processed meat.

Limit Red meat to 3 portions/ week (350-500g)

Processed meat has been transformed through salting, curing, fermentation, smoking or other processes to enhance flavour or improve preservation - limit this

Question 7

Describe ‘limit consumption of sugar sweetened drinks’

How is this achieved?

Answer 7

Drink mostly water and unsweetened drinks

• Do not consume sugar sweetened drinks e.g. sports drinks, energy drinks, sodas. This does not include ‘sugar free’ or sweatened drinks with artifical sweetners
• No more than 4 cups of coffee per day
• Dont drink fruit juice in large quantities

Question 8

Describe limit alcohol intake

Answer 8

For cancer prevention its best not to drink alcohol

National guidelines - less than 14 units/week

Ethanol is: cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic and clastogenic

Question 9

Describe ‘do not use supplements for cancer prevention’

Describe this

Answer 9

Instead diet alone should be used to meet nutritional needs

Question 10

Describe ‘breat feeding’ reccomendation

Answer 10

Protects mum from breast cancer and child from weight gain

Question 11

Describe ‘after a cancer diagnosis: follow reccomendation’

Answer 11