Cpt 9

Question 0

Concept

Answer 0

A mental grouping of similar objects events ideas or people

Question 1

Cognition

Answer 1

Mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

Question 2

Prototype

Answer 2

A mental image or best example of a category

Question 3

Algorithm

Answer 3

A methodical logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem

Question 4

Heuristic

Answer 4

A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms

Question 5

Insight

Answer 5

A sudden realization of a problems solution; contrasts with strategy based solutions

Question 6

Confirmation bias

Answer 6

A tendency to search for information that support what we believe and ignore or distort contradictory evidence

Question 7

Mental set

Answer 7

A tendency to approach a problem in a certain often one that has helped before

Question 8

Intuition

Answer 8

An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with explicit , conscious reasoning

Question 9

Availability heuristic

Answer 9

Estimating the Lilly hood of events based on their availability in memory

Question 10

Overconfidence

Answer 10

The tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments

Question 11

Belief perseverance

Answer 11

Clinging to ones initial conceptions after the bias on which they were formed has been discredited

Question 12

Framing

Answer 12

The way an issue is posed how an issue is framed can significantly affect decision and judgements

Question 13

Language

Answer 13

Our spoken written or signed words and ways we combine them to communicate the meaning

Question 14

Phoneme

Answer 14

In a language the smallest distinctive sound unit

Question 15

Morpheme

Answer 15

In a language the smallest unit that carries a message; may be a word or a part of a word

Question 16

Grammer

Answer 16

A set of rules in a language that enables us to communicate with and understand others

Question 17

Babbling stage

Answer 17

Beginning at about 4 months the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language

Question 18

One-word stage

Answer 18

The stage for about age 1-2 where the child speaks mostly in single words

Question 19

Two-word stage

Answer 19

Beginning about age 2 where in speech development the child speaks in mostly two word statements

Question 20

Telegraphic speech

Answer 20

Early speech where a child speaks mostly like a telegram - “go car” using mostly nouns an verbs

Question 21

Aphasia

Answer 21

Impairment of language

Question 22

In what part of the brain is there normally damage in patients with aphasia?

Answer 22

Left hemisphere damage either to Broca’s area or to wernicks area

Question 23

What does damage to the Broca’s area cause?

Answer 23

Impairing speaking because that’s where the muscle movements involved with speech are directed -left hemisphere frontal lobe

Question 24

What does damage to wernicks area cause?

Answer 24

Impairing language understanding because that area controls language comprehension and expression- left temporal lobe

Question 25

Linguistic determination

Answer 25

Whorf’s hypthesis that language determines the way we think

Question 26

How many approx phonemes does the English language have?

Answer 26

40

Question 27

What is not true of babbling?

Answer 27

It’s an imitation of adult speech

Question 28

A mental set is an example of a

Answer 28

Fixation

Question 29

Whorf’s linguistic determinism hypothesis states that

Answer 29

Our language shapes our thinking

Question 30

What describes Chomsky’s view of language development?

Answer 30

Language is an innate ability

Question 31

Thoughts and feelings that are automatic are examples of

Answer 31

Intuition

Question 32

What’s an example of the use of heuristics?

Answer 32

Playing chess using a defensive strategy that has often been successful for you

Question 33

When suddenly arriving at a situation that is an example of?

Answer 33

Insight

Question 34

If a deaf child isn’t exposed to sign language until they’re a teen they

Answer 34

Never become as fluent as those who learn at a younger age

Question 35

According to the text language acquisition is best described as

Answer 35

An interaction between biology and experience

Question 36

What statistical aspect of speech do human babies learn remarkably quick

Answer 36

Recognizing syllable sequences that appear repeatedly

Question 37

Linguistic determination hypothesis is challenged by the finding that

Answer 37

People w/ no word for a certain color can still perceive that color accurately

Question 38

He triggers?

Answer 38

Images of males in adults and children

Question 39

Syntax?

Answer 39

Rules for ordering words into sentences

Question 40

Our ability to learn a new language

Answer 40

Depends on the language

Question 41

Why are people skeptical of claims that chimps can learn a language?

Answer 41

They don’t show an ability to squire a limited vocab

Question 42

Availability an example of a

Answer 42

Hueristic

Question 43

Basic units of cognition are?

Answer 43

Concepts