Chapter 5 Test

Question 0

What is a zygote?

Answer 0

The fertilized egg;it enters a 2 week period of rapid cell decision and develops into an embryo

Question 1

Developmental psychology

Answer 1

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change through out the life span

Question 2

What’s an embryo?

Answer 2

The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

Question 3

Fetus

Answer 3

The developing human organism from weeks after conception to birth

Question 4

Teratogens

Answer 4

(Literally, “monster maker”) agents such as chemicals and viruses that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

Question 5

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Answer 5

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant women’s heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticeable facial misproportions

Question 6

Habituation

Answer 6

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation, as infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner

Question 7

Maturation

Answer 7

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior relatively uninfluenced by experience

Question 8

Cognition

Answer 8

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Question 9

Schema

Answer 9

A concept or frame work that organizes and interprets information

Question 10

Assimilation

Answer 10

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

Question 11

Accommodation

Answer 11

Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

Question 12

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 12

In Piaget’s , the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the worlds mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

Question 13

Object permanence

Answer 13

The awarness that things continue to exist even when not proceived

Question 14

Egocentrism

Answer 14

In Piaget’s theory the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of veiw

Question 15

Preoperational stage

Answer 15

In Piaget’s theory the stage ( from about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use a language but does not comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

Question 16

Conservation

Answer 16

The principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

Question 17

Theory of the mind

Answer 17

People’s ideas about their own and others metal states about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behaviors these might predict

Question 18

Concrete operational stage

Answer 18

Piaget’s theory, the state of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

Question 19

Formal operation theory

Answer 19

Piaget’s theory the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

Question 20

Stranger anxiety

Answer 20

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display beginning by about 8 months of age

Question 21

Attachment

Answer 21

An emotional tie with another person; shown by young children by wanting closeness with their caregiver and distress in seperation

Question 22

Critical period

Answer 22

An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces a normal development

Question 23

Imprinting

Answer 23

The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

Question 24

Basic trust

Answer 24

According to Erik erikson a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive care givers

Question 25

Adolescence

Answer 25

The transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to adulthood

Question 26

Puberty

Answer 26

The period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes Capable of reproduction

Question 27

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 27

The body structures (sex organs) that make sexual reproduction possible

Question 28

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 28

Non-reproductive sexual characteristics

Question 29

Menarche

Answer 29

The first menstrual period

Question 30

Identity

Answer 30

Our sense of self; according to Erikson the adolescent’s task is to solidify a sense of self

Question 31

Social identity

Answer 31

The “we” aspect of our self-concept the part of our answer to “who am I?”

Question 32

Intimacy

Answer 32

In eriksons theory, the ability to form close loving relationships; primary task in adolescence to early adulthood

Question 33

Emerging adulthood

Answer 33

A period for some people in the late teens to mid-twenties bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence

Question 34

Menopause

Answer 34

The time of natural cessation of menstruation

Question 35

Cross-sectional study

Answer 35

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

Question 36

Longitudinal study

Answer 36

Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period of time

Question 37

How long is the average sleep cycle?

Answer 37

90 minutes

Question 38

What does the first sleep cycle consist of?

Answer 38

No rem sleep usually dreaming

Question 39

What is REM SLEEP?

Answer 39

Shallowest sleep in the cycle and Rapid Eye Movement

Question 40

How many cycles do you go through in a night?

Answer 40

5-6

Question 41

If you’re a long sleeper what do you experience more of?

Answer 41

Rem sleep, dream a lot and sleeping less and less

Deeply

Question 42

What stages are normally in first cycle?

Answer 42

3 & 4

Question 43

When is the worst time to wake up?

Answer 43

1 hour to 2 hours after you fall asleep

Question 44

When do you not move in sleep?

Answer 44

When your dreaming- seemingly paralyzed

Question 45

If you sleep less you?

Answer 45

Dream more

Question 46

What is a myochronic jerk?

Answer 46

That “sudden falling” feeling in your sleep. Jolting awake for no reason. Not a sleep problem you will experience this in phases of your life

Question 47

Who will the myochronic jerk most likely happen too?

Answer 47

A nervous person

Question 48

How much of our sleep do we spend in the stages?

Answer 48

Stage 1: 6%
Stage 2: 49%
Stage 3: 8%
Stage 4: 13%
Rem: 25%

Question 49

How much of our sleep do we dream?

Answer 49

80%

Question 50

What kind of dreams do you have in the 1st rem?

Answer 50

Problem solving things that bother you before sleep

Question 51

Kind of dreams during 2 + 3 rem cycle?

Answer 51

Dreams are historic- past events

Question 52

Dreams in 4th rem cycle?

Answer 52

Freudian dreams- symbolic dreams

Question 53

Why dream are most likely to wake up from?

Answer 53

Grand finale - all of your dreams mashed together in one weird ass movie

Question 54

Whose normally in dreams?

Answer 54

15%only the dreamer

85% dreamer and 2 other people

Question 55

Why two other people in dreams?

Answer 55

We’re social animals 2 others make the dream more vivid emotional experiences +visual

Question 56

What is unlikely to dream about?

Answer 56

People you’ve never seen

Question 57

How often do strangers appear in your dream

Answer 57

43% of the time

Question 58

Stage 5

Answer 58

Dreaming continued 97% of time if woken you will remember dream your rem cycle

Question 59

Stage 1

Answer 59

Low amplitude high freq. may be asleep but not really

Question 60

Stage 2

Answer 60

High freq high amplitude

Question 61

Stage 3

Answer 61

Higher freq higher amplitude

Question 62

Stage 4

Answer 62

Highest amp highest freq. hardest to wake from