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Physcology > Chapter 5 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Test Flashcards

0
Q

What is a zygote?

A

The fertilized egg;it enters a 2 week period of rapid cell decision and develops into an embryo

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1
Q

Developmental psychology

A

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change through out the life span

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2
Q

What’s an embryo?

A

The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

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3
Q

Fetus

A

The developing human organism from weeks after conception to birth

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4
Q

Teratogens

A

(Literally, “monster maker”) agents such as chemicals and viruses that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

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5
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

A

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant women’s heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticeable facial misproportions

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6
Q

Habituation

A

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation, as infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner

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7
Q

Maturation

A

Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior relatively uninfluenced by experience

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8
Q

Cognition

A

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

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9
Q

Schema

A

A concept or frame work that organizes and interprets information

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10
Q

Assimilation

A

Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

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11
Q

Accommodation

A

Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information

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12
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

In Piaget’s , the stage (from birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the worlds mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities

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13
Q

Object permanence

A

The awarness that things continue to exist even when not proceived

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14
Q

Egocentrism

A

In Piaget’s theory the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of veiw

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15
Q

Preoperational stage

A

In Piaget’s theory the stage ( from about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use a language but does not comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

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16
Q

Conservation

A

The principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

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17
Q

Theory of the mind

A

People’s ideas about their own and others metal states about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behaviors these might predict

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18
Q

Concrete operational stage

A

Piaget’s theory, the state of cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events

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19
Q

Formal operation theory

A

Piaget’s theory the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts

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20
Q

Stranger anxiety

A

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display beginning by about 8 months of age

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21
Q

Attachment

A

An emotional tie with another person; shown by young children by wanting closeness with their caregiver and distress in seperation

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22
Q

Critical period

A

An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces a normal development

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23
Q

Imprinting

A

The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life

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24
Q

Basic trust

A

According to Erik erikson a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive care givers

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25
Q

Adolescence

A

The transition period from childhood to adulthood extending from puberty to adulthood

26
Q

Puberty

A

The period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes Capable of reproduction

27
Q

Primary sex characteristics

A

The body structures (sex organs) that make sexual reproduction possible

28
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

Non-reproductive sexual characteristics

29
Q

Menarche

A

The first menstrual period

30
Q

Identity

A

Our sense of self; according to Erikson the adolescent’s task is to solidify a sense of self

31
Q

Social identity

A

The “we” aspect of our self-concept the part of our answer to “who am I?”

32
Q

Intimacy

A

In eriksons theory, the ability to form close loving relationships; primary task in adolescence to early adulthood

33
Q

Emerging adulthood

A

A period for some people in the late teens to mid-twenties bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence

34
Q

Menopause

A

The time of natural cessation of menstruation

35
Q

Cross-sectional study

A

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

36
Q

Longitudinal study

A

Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period of time

37
Q

How long is the average sleep cycle?

A

90 minutes

38
Q

What does the first sleep cycle consist of?

A

No rem sleep usually dreaming

39
Q

What is REM SLEEP?

A

Shallowest sleep in the cycle and Rapid Eye Movement

40
Q

How many cycles do you go through in a night?

A

5-6

41
Q

If you’re a long sleeper what do you experience more of?

A

Rem sleep, dream a lot and sleeping less and less

Deeply

42
Q

What stages are normally in first cycle?

A

3 & 4

43
Q

When is the worst time to wake up?

A

1 hour to 2 hours after you fall asleep

44
Q

When do you not move in sleep?

A

When your dreaming- seemingly paralyzed

45
Q

If you sleep less you?

A

Dream more

46
Q

What is a myochronic jerk?

A

That “sudden falling” feeling in your sleep. Jolting awake for no reason. Not a sleep problem you will experience this in phases of your life

47
Q

Who will the myochronic jerk most likely happen too?

A

A nervous person

48
Q

How much of our sleep do we spend in the stages?

A 
Stage 1: 6%
Stage 2: 49%
Stage 3: 8%
Stage 4: 13%
Rem: 25%
49
Q

How much of our sleep do we dream?

A

80%

50
Q

What kind of dreams do you have in the 1st rem?

A

Problem solving things that bother you before sleep

51
Q

Kind of dreams during 2 + 3 rem cycle?

A

Dreams are historic- past events

52
Q

Dreams in 4th rem cycle?

A

Freudian dreams- symbolic dreams

53
Q

Why dream are most likely to wake up from?

A

Grand finale - all of your dreams mashed together in one weird ass movie

54
Q

Whose normally in dreams?

A

15%only the dreamer

85% dreamer and 2 other people

55
Q

Why two other people in dreams?

A

We’re social animals 2 others make the dream more vivid emotional experiences +visual

56
Q

What is unlikely to dream about?

A

People you’ve never seen

57
Q

How often do strangers appear in your dream

A

43% of the time

58
Q

Stage 5

A

Dreaming continued 97% of time if woken you will remember dream your rem cycle

59
Q

Stage 1

A

Low amplitude high freq. may be asleep but not really

60
Q

Stage 2

A

High freq high amplitude

61
Q

Stage 3

A

Higher freq higher amplitude

62
Q

Stage 4

A

Highest amp highest freq. hardest to wake from

Physcology (7 decks)

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