CPPT Examination Flashcards
Difference between HR and pulse rate
Pulse deficit
What does pulse deficit indicate
Some heart beats have not caused sufficient BF to reach periphery
A-fib
Rating scale for pulse
4: bounding
3: increased
2: Brisk
1: diminished
0: absent
BP difference of >10-15 mmHg suggests
Arterial compression or obstruction on lower side
A BP fall of 10 mmHg with HR increasing 10-20 bpm indicates
Orthostatic hypotension
MABP equation
[SBP+2(DBP)]/3
Minimal MABP
65 mmHg
SBP-DBP is
Pulse pressure
Abnormal pulse pressure
> 60 mmHg
Low pulse pressure is a marker for
Low perfusion
Lung sound when fluid is in alveioli or when previously closed alveoli opens.
Crackles
When are crackles heard?
Inspiration
Lung sound associated with airway obstruction
Wheezing
When is wheezing heard and what does it signify
During expiration
Mucous in large airways
Difficulty breathing in supine
Orthopnea
ACSM guidelines recommend not performing endurance test if ventilation is
Greater than 45/min
Cessation of breathing after expiration
Apnea
Cyclic waxing and waning of depth of breathing with periods of apnea
Cheyne-stokes
Irregular breathing with slow, shallow breathe and periods of apnea
Biot’s breathing
Clusters of normal breaths separated by irregular pauses
Cluster breathing
Marked continuous Hyperventilation with increased rate and depth of breathing to eliminate excess CO2
Kussmaul
Finger pad enlarged
What does it indicate
Clubbing
It indicates chronic tissue hypoxia
Causes of clubbing fingers
Lung and cardiac disease, cirrhosis, and GI
Cough colors
Red: blood Rust: Pneumonia Purple: Neoplasm Yellow/green: infection Pink: Pulmonary edema
Edema grades
1: barely perceptible depression
2: Easily identified depression within 15 seconds
3: EID 15-30
4: EID >30
Diaphragm should move ______ with deep inspiration
2-3 inches
When there is loss of lung volume, Which way does trachea deviation occur
To side of lesion
When there is an increase in lung volume, Trachea deviation is
Away from side of abnormality
Funnel chest
Pectus excavutum
Pigeon Chest
Pectus Carinatum
BADCAT
Breathing is audible Active accessory muscles Dyspnea Cyanosis/clubbins A-P diameter greater than 1 Tracheal deviation
A measure of persons surface area
BMI
Cardiovascular risk should be
Less than or = to 7.5% in 10 years
Dyspnea scale
1: light/barely noticeable
2: Moderate, bothersom
3: Mod/severe, uncomfortable
4: Sever difficulty
Functional classification of heart disease
1: 6-10 mets, no activity limitation
2: 4-6 mets, slight limitations, (angina, fatigue, dyspnea
3: 2-3 mets, A lot of limitation,
4: <2 mets, unable to do physical activity.
