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CPN Exam > CPN Exam Fluid/Elec, Renal, GU > Flashcards

CPN Exam Fluid/Elec, Renal, GU Flashcards

1
Q

Mild Dehydration

A

Normal tear and urine output
Increased specific gravity
Thirst
Normal heart rate/cap refill

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2
Q

Moderate Dehydration

A

↓ tear and urine output
↑ heart rate
Irritability or decreased activity

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3
Q

Severe Dehydration

A

No tears or urine output
Sluggish/decreased capillary refill
Mottled/cool skin
Neuro status depressed

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4
Q

Isotonic Dehydration

A

No movement of water between intracellular and extracellular spaces
Sodium and water loss equal
Normal sodium levels

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5
Q

Hypotonic Dehydration

A

Extracellular to intracellular movement of water (earlier signs of dehydration)
Sodium loss greater than water loss

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6
Q

Isotonic Dehydration causes

A

vomiting
diarrhea
NPO status
burns

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7
Q

Hypotonic Dehydration causes

A

water intoxication ; watering down/diluting infant formula (one of leading causes of seizures in healthy babies)

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8
Q

Hypertonic Dehydration

A

Intracellular to extracellular movement of water

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9
Q

Hypertonic Dehydration causes

A

excessive sweating, ketoacidosis, malnutrition, diabetes insipidus

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10
Q

Fluid Replacement guidelines

A

Oral: 2-5 mLs every 2-3 minutes, 5-10 mLs every 5 minutes

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11
Q

IV Fluid Resuscitation

A

20mL/kg IV bolus of isotonic solution

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12
Q

UTI

A

Microbial invasion of urinary tract, usually caused by E.coli

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13
Q

Cystitis

A

Bladder Infection

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14
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

Kidney Infection

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15
Q

Urethritis

A

Urethra Infection

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16
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome

A

Increase glomerular permeability to protein, especially albumin - protein loss

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17
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome Assessment

A

Proteinuria
Hypovolemia
Hematuria
Decreased serum potassium
Dark, foamy, and frothy urine
Edema

18
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment

A

Skin Care
High calorie, high protein meals - no added salt
I&O
Corticosteroids

19
Q

Acute Glomerulonephritis

A

Autoimmune complex disorder 1-2 weeks after strep infection. Body produces antibodies that attack the glomerulonephritis, kidney attacked

20
Q

Acute Glomerulonephritis Process

A

Glomerulus loses ability to selectively permeable - RBC’s/Protein filters through

21
Q

Acute Glomerulonephritis Assessment

A

Hematuria
Cola - Colored (smoky) urine
Increase ESR
Increase ASO titer
Edema
Irritability/Lethargy

22
Q

Hypospadias

A

Congenital anomaly of the penis in which the urethral meatus opens on the underside of penis, may cause frequent UTI’s and infertility

23
Q

Hypospadias Treatment

A

Surgery between 1-4 years
Avoidance of circumcision - foreskin may be used for repair

24
Q

Testicular Torsion

A

Testicle hangs free from vascular structures, results in venous occlusion

25
Q

Testicular Torsion Assessment

A

Red Scrotum, warm, swollen, painful
Severe acute pain, nausea/vomiting

26
Q

Testicular Torsion Management

A

Manual Detorsion - < 6 hours of pain
Surgical Detorsion - > 6 hours of pain

27
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

A

Infection affecting the uterine tubes, uterus or ovaries
Caused by gonorrhea, trachoma’s, bacteria

28
Q

PID Assessment

A

Subacute/Acute pelvic pain
Fever/chills/nausea/vomiting
Vaginal discharge
Increased WBCs in vaginal fluid, Increased ESR

29
Q

Braden QD Scale

A

Determines risk for skin breakdown

30
Q

Impetigo

A

Most common bacterial infection in children, caused by strep or staph

31
Q

Impetigo Assessment

A

Small vesicles or pustules that rupture and become a honey-colored crust with a moist erythematous base

32
Q

Impetigo Management

A

Topical antibiotic with or without systemic antibiotic

33
Q

Scabies

A

Contagious mite infection, incubation is 1-2 months

34
Q

Scabies Assessment

A

Intense itching, worse at night
Rash and skin burrows, papule, vesicles, crusting

35
Q

Scabies Management

A

Scabicide below the neck 8-12 hours then wash, repeat 1 week later

36
Q

Ringworm (Tinea)

A

Fungal infection

37
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

Lesions on scalp

38
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Lesions on body

39
Q

Tinea Cruris

A

Jock Itch

40
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

Athletes foot

41
Q

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

A

Self-limiting Hypersensitivity complex affecting skin and mucous membranes
More common in males
Precipitated by drugs such as antibiotics

42
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome Assessment

A

Flu like symptoms
Red/Purple rash - causes skin sloughing

CPN Exam (10 decks)

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