CPE Part 2 Flashcards
What is the primary goal of remediation in cognitive-perceptual therapy?
A) To develop compensatory strategies for permanent deficits
B) To restore cognitive or perceptual skills through repetitive exercises
C) To modify the environment to accommodate deficits
D) To improve social interactions
B) To restore cognitive or perceptual skills through repetitive exercises
What does the compensatory/adaptive approach focus on in cognitive-perceptual treatment?
A) Improving awareness of deficits
B) Decreasing participation restrictions by modifying tasks or the environment
C) Strengthening weak muscles
D) Using technology to replace cognitive skills
B) Decreasing participation restrictions by modifying tasks or the environment
What is the key assumption behind the remediation (restorative) approach?
A) Deficits are permanent and must be compensated for
B) Skills learned during cognitive exercises will transfer to functional activities
C) The environment must be adapted to reduce errors
D) Awareness of deficits is not necessary for improvement
B) Skills learned during cognitive exercises will transfer to functional activities
Which technique is effective for improving awareness of deficits in cognitive-perceptual therapy?
A) Providing only positive feedback
B) Using prediction methods and comparing predicted outcomes with actual performance
C) Avoiding tasks that challenge the patient
D) Allowing patients to work without feedback
B) Using prediction methods and comparing predicted outcomes with actual performance
What role does metacognitive training play in cognitive rehabilitation?
A) It helps patients develop awareness and self-monitoring skills during tasks
B) It focuses solely on improving memory recall
C) It replaces the need for external feedback
D) It eliminates the need for environmental modifications
A) It helps patients develop awareness and self-monitoring skills during tasks
Which of the following is an example of using metacognitive training?
A) Having the patient complete a task without any feedback
B) Videotaping the patient performing a task and reviewing it to compare actual and perceived performance
C) Avoiding any challenge to the patient’s current abilities
D) Repetitive practice of motor tasks without cognitive involvement
B) Videotaping the patient performing a task and reviewing it to compare actual and perceived performance
What is the purpose of activity processing in cognitive-perceptual therapy?
A) To strengthen motor coordination
B) To help the patient understand the purpose of a task and improve metacognitive skills
C) To complete tasks faster
D) To reduce physical exertion during tasks
B) To help the patient understand the purpose of a task and improve metacognitive skills
What is the key component of successful activity processing in cognitive rehabilitation?
A) The patient must be able to predict the difficulty and outcome of the task
B) The therapist should control every aspect of the task
C) The patient should always be able to complete the task independently
D) Feedback should be avoided to encourage independence
A) The patient must be able to predict the difficulty and outcome of the task
Which intervention strategy is used for patients with ideational apraxia?
A) Provide hand-over-hand assistance and gradually reduce help as the patient improves
B) Focus on strengthening exercises for the affected limb
C) Encourage the patient to complete tasks without assistance
D) Use only compensatory strategies without error correction
A) Provide hand-over-hand assistance and gradually reduce help as the patient improves
What is a common treatment approach for motor apraxia?
A) Use complex, open-ended tasks
B) Use closed-chain activities, such as keeping an electric razor on the beard, to improve control
C) Encourage free movement without guidance
D) Use high-intensity exercises to challenge the patient
B) Use closed-chain activities, such as keeping an electric razor on the beard, to improve control
How is strategy training for apraxia typically structured?
A) Feedback is avoided to minimize frustration
B) It follows a hierarchical approach, starting with instruction, then assistance, and finally feedback
C) It uses random tasks to assess different areas of cognition
D) It avoids focusing on specific errors made by the patient
B) It follows a hierarchical approach, starting with instruction, then assistance, and finally feedback
What is the Lighthouse Strategy used for in the treatment of neglect?
A) It helps patients visualize and scan their environment by imagining a lighthouse beam sweeping from side to side
B) It teaches patients to focus only on their unaffected side
C) It emphasizes avoidance of challenging visual tasks
D) It is a passive strategy that does not require patient involvement
A) It helps patients visualize and scan their environment by imagining a lighthouse beam sweeping from side to side
What compensatory strategy might be used for patients with spatial relations syndrome?
A) Randomly placing items around the environment
B) Using environmental organization, such as placing grooming items consistently on the same side of the sink
C) Removing visual cues from the environment
D) Avoiding any modifications to the environment
B) Using environmental organization, such as placing grooming items consistently on the same side of the sink
What is the primary treatment approach for visual object agnosia?
A) Using tactile information and spatial location to help the patient recognize objects
B) Relying solely on verbal instructions for identification
C) Strengthening muscle groups to improve motor coordination
D) Avoiding the use of familiar objects
A) Using tactile information and spatial location to help the patient recognize objects
How is prosopagnosia, or difficulty recognizing faces, commonly treated?
A) Strengthening memory recall
B) Teaching patients to recognize people by their voice, clothing, or gait
C) Practicing face recognition through repetitive drills
D) Avoiding social situations to reduce stress
B) Teaching patients to recognize people by their voice, clothing, or gait
Which memory strategy has been shown to be ineffective in generalizing to meaningful activities?
A) Memory drills
B) Errorless learning
C) Compensatory strategies, such as memory notebooks
D) Using environmental cues to jog memory
A) Memory drills
What is a key principle of errorless learning in memory rehabilitation?
A) Allow the patient to make mistakes and correct them later
B) Prevent mistakes by guiding the patient through tasks without errors
C) Focus on recalling past events through repetitive drills
D) Avoid giving feedback on mistakes
B) Prevent mistakes by guiding the patient through tasks without errors
How should attention training be structured for a patient with cognitive deficits?
A) Start with simple tasks and gradually increase attentional demands by adding distractors
B) Begin with complex tasks to challenge the patient’s limits
C) Avoid any distractions to prevent frustration
D) Encourage the patient to multitask immediately
A) Start with simple tasks and gradually increase attentional demands by adding distractors
Which compensatory strategy can be used for individuals with attention deficits in overstimulating environments?
A) Gradually increase auditory stimuli to build tolerance
B) Wear earplugs or avoid overstimulating environments when possible
C) Eliminate all visual cues from the environment
D) Encourage patients to focus on multiple tasks simultaneously
B) Wear earplugs or avoid overstimulating environments when possible
What is the goal of using environmental modification for individuals with attention deficits?
A) To improve memory recall
B) To reduce distractions and create a more organized environment
C) To increase the complexity of tasks
D) To challenge the patient’s problem-solving skills
B) To reduce distractions and create a more organized environment
Which cognitive screening tool is commonly used to assess a wide range of cognitive domains including attention, memory, language, and executive function?
A) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
B) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
C) Cognitive Assessment of Minnesota (CAM)
D) Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA)
B) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
What is the primary focus of the Cognitive Assessment of Minnesota (CAM)?
A) Evaluating executive function during real-world tasks
B) Screening basic cognitive abilities such as attention, memory, and problem-solving
C) Assessing functional mobility and ADLs
D) Measuring verbal fluency in individuals with cognitive impairment
B) Screening basic cognitive abilities such as attention, memory, and problem-solving
What does the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) assess in patients with cognitive impairments?
A) Memory recall
B) Planning, organization, and attention in a structured task
C) Visual perception and motor coordination
D) Emotional regulation
B) Planning, organization, and attention in a structured task
What is prosopagnosia?
A) Inability to recognize faces
B) Inability to identify objects by touch
C) Difficulty with speech production
D) Loss of coordination in motor movements
A) Inability to recognize faces
What is visual object agnosia?
A) The inability to recognize objects based on visual input alone
B) The inability to recall how to perform motor tasks
C) The inability to perceive colors accurately
D) The failure to recognize environmental sounds
A) The inability to recognize objects based on visual input alone
Which of the following best describes ideomotor apraxia?
A) The inability to plan and execute motor tasks despite understanding the task
B) The inability to recognize objects or faces
C) Difficulty forming coherent speech
D) An inability to control fine motor movements
A) The inability to plan and execute motor tasks despite understanding the task
What distinguishes ideational apraxia from ideomotor apraxia?
A) Ideational apraxia involves difficulty with the concept or purpose of a task, whereas ideomotor apraxia involves difficulty carrying out the task
B) Ideational apraxia affects only fine motor skills, while ideomotor apraxia affects gross motor skills
C) Ideational apraxia involves loss of coordination, while ideomotor apraxia involves difficulty with speech
D) Ideational apraxia is unrelated to cognitive function
A) Ideational apraxia involves difficulty with the concept or purpose of a task, whereas ideomotor apraxia involves difficulty carrying out the task
For patients with severe cognitive deficits, which intervention approach is most appropriate?
A) Complex task sequencing with minimal assistance
B) Compensatory strategies such as environmental modifications and caregiver education
C) Higher-level cognitive exercises with minimal guidance
D) Use of complex memory recall tasks
B) Compensatory strategies such as environmental modifications and caregiver education
For a patient with mild cognitive impairment, what is an appropriate intervention goal?
A) To restore full independence through remediation and task-specific training
B) To rely on compensatory strategies exclusively
C) To avoid any task-oriented activities due to frustration
D) To focus only on environmental modifications
A) To restore full independence through remediation and task-specific training
What intervention is most effective for individuals with visual neglect?
A) Strengthening exercises to improve motor control
B) Visual scanning training to encourage the patient to attend to the neglected side
C) Memory recall exercises
D) Speech-language therapy
B) Visual scanning training to encourage the patient to attend to the neglected side
How can task-specific training be beneficial for patients with cognitive-perceptual deficits?
A) It isolates individual motor skills without involving cognition
B) It focuses on training specific tasks that the patient struggles with, improving their ability to perform those tasks in real-life settings
C) It only focuses on memory recall
D) It avoids any functional activities
B) It focuses on training specific tasks that the patient struggles with, improving their ability to perform those tasks in real-life settings
What is the main goal of environmental modifications in cognitive-perceptual rehabilitation?
A) To eliminate all environmental distractions
B) To increase task complexity
C) To support cognitive deficits by simplifying the environment and reducing cognitive load
D) To teach patients how to multitask
C) To support cognitive deficits by simplifying the environment and reducing cognitive load
What is the primary goal of using memory notebooks for patients with memory deficits?
A) To improve long-term recall through drills
B) To provide an external cue for remembering important information and tasks
C) To challenge the patient’s ability to memorize complex information
D) To eliminate the need for caregiver support
B) To provide an external cue for remembering important information and tasks
What is spaced retrieval training used for in memory rehabilitation?
A) To improve the patient’s ability to recall information over increasing intervals of time
B) To test the patient’s endurance during cognitive exercises
C) To assess the patient’s fine motor skills
D) To prevent cognitive decline by stimulating motor activity
A) To improve the patient’s ability to recall information over increasing intervals of time
What is the purpose of dual-task training for individuals with attention deficits?
A) To challenge the individual to focus on two tasks at once, improving divided attention
B) To reduce cognitive load by focusing on one task
C) To improve long-term memory
D) To eliminate distractions during task performance
A) To challenge the individual to focus on two tasks at once, improving divided attention
What is the recommended progression for attention training in cognitive rehabilitation?
A) Start with tasks in a distracting environment and gradually reduce distractions
B) Begin with simple, focused attention tasks and gradually introduce more complex tasks with distractions
C) Avoid challenging the patient’s attention span early in the rehabilitation process
D) Start with dual-task activities immediately
B) Begin with simple, focused attention tasks and gradually introduce more complex tasks with distractions
What is a common intervention to improve planning and problem-solving skills in individuals with executive function deficits?
A) Repetitive practice of motor tasks
B) Use of real-world activities like meal preparation to improve planning and problem-solving
C) Focusing only on passive learning techniques
D) Using rote memorization drills
B) Use of real-world activities like meal preparation to improve planning and problem-solving
Which of the following is an effective strategy for helping patients with poor initiation?
A) Waiting for the patient to begin the task independently
B) Providing clear cues or prompts to initiate action
C) Avoiding feedback on the task
D) Using passive observation without intervention
B) Providing clear cues or prompts to initiate action
What is the goal of errorless learning in executive function training?
A) To allow the patient to make mistakes and correct them independently
B) To prevent the patient from making mistakes by guiding them through the task step-by-step
C) To eliminate feedback on performance
D) To focus only on problem-solving without addressing planning
B) To prevent the patient from making mistakes by guiding them through the task step-by-step
What type of compensatory strategy is helpful for individuals with deficits in task organization?
A) Breaking tasks into smaller, more manageable steps
B) Encouraging multitasking
C) Avoiding task sequencing altogether
D) Using only environmental modifications without addressing cognition
A) Breaking tasks into smaller, more manageable steps
