COVID-19, Immune System, Vaccines Flashcards
Innate Immune System
Barriers
- Inflammation
- Complement
- Cellular Response
Inflammation
Active response to infection. Establishes barrier to spread- triggered by chemicals called cytokines and histamines
Complement
Made of proteins that “complement” the adaptive immune system.
Leukocytes
different types of White Blood Cells
Cellular Response
Mediated by different types of White Blood Cells
phagocytosis
cellular eating.
Adaptive Immune System
Made of specialized cells that is very specific to one type of antigen
antigen
infectious agent
Helper T Cells
assist in directing adaptive and innate immune response.
Cytotoxic (Killer) T Cells
assist in directing adaptive and innate immune response.
B cells
targets infection by producing antibodies
Severe vs mild covid case
Innate response is delayed
R0
The more contagious, the higher the R0
Live Attenuated
virus alive but no longer effective at infecting cells
Pros and cons of Live attenuated vaccine
Pro- gives a very robust
Immune response
Cons- poses risk to
People with weakened
Immune system
Killed/Inactive Vaccine
Killed
Cons of killed/inactive vaccine
Cons- -inactivation can be incomplete. -May not induce as strong an immune response as live vaccine.
Component/Subunit
Vaccine
Proteins from specific isolated pathogens
Cons of component/subunit vaccine
Cons- -May not induce as strong an immune response as live vaccine. - Difficult getting pure sample
Nucleic Acid-based Vaccine
Uses genetic materials from a disease-causing virus
