Court Cases - Ch. 20

Question 1

Constitutional right to privacy extended to abortion right; must balance against state’s legitimate interests for regulating abortions: protect prenatal life & mother’s health
Allowed state regulation of abortions to be tied to trimester progression (stronger as progresses)
allowed reasonable restrictions short of any “undue burden”

Answer 1

Roe v Wade

Planned Parenthood v Casey

Question 2

Upheld civil right act of 1866 and Congress’s power to combat discrimation as a “badge and incidence of slavery”

Answer 2

Jones v Mayer

Question 3

Students searched for cigarettes and found holding small amt. of weed. Claimed exclusionary rule for protection.
Scotus held that probable clause and exclusionary rule did not go as far as in school as in the outside world and the search was reasonable

Answer 3

New Jersey v TLO

Question 4

Established the exclusionary rule; reversed decades of reliance on allowed warrantless searches

Answer 4

Weeks v United States

Question 5

Applied exclusionary rule to the states (selective incorporation)

Answer 5

Mapp v Ohio

Question 6

Warrantless wiretap allowed since police did not invade private space (office) and had put taps on line outside building

Answer 6

Olmstead v United States

Question 7

Overturned Olmstead decision; police cannot tap w/o warrant, even a public phone box; SC recognized reasonable expectation of privacy for a private call

Answer 7

Katz v United States

Question 8

Set criteria for determining if an unconstitutional delay has occurred

Answer 8

Barker v Wingo

Question 9

Court declared that TV & radio coverage of man’s trial had denied Estes a fair trail bc of the extent and nature of the coverage; example of rights are relative

Answer 9

Estes v Texas

Question 10

Gideon charged w felony in state courts, requested a lawyer and then denied; Scotus ruled that the right to counsel extended to felony cases in state courts; 14th amend. does not supple a watered-down version of the bill of rights to states
Incorporation case

Answer 10

Gideon v Wainwright

Question 11

Court overturned Miranda’s conviction bc he had been questioned w/o knowing his constitutional rights
Established Miranda rights

Answer 11

Miranda v Arizona

Question 12

Laws struck down bc they made the death penalty too easy an option for judges to give a convicted felon
This cases ended all death penalty laws in the US until 1976

Answer 12

Firman v Georgia

Question 13

Court declared that new death penalty laws (2 stage progress, jury decision on penalty, aggravating factors) do not violate the constitution
New laws prevented the arbitrary assigning of death penalty, which itself does not violate the 8th amendment

Answer 13

Gregg v Georgia