Court Cases Flashcards
Fletcher vs. Peck
First time federal courts declared state law unconstitutional
Madison vs. Marbury
Judicial Review- the right of the court to determine the constitutionality of law
McCulloch vs. Maryland
The bank of the United States was declared constitutional
Ableman vs. Booth
When a person is legally in federal custody for a federal offense, and the fact has been made known to the state, the state no longer has jurisdiction because federal authority is exclusive
Texas vs. White
Secession is not constitutionally possible
Guinn vs. United States
The court overruled an Oklahoma “grandfather clause” because the intent was to disfranchise blacks and violate the 15th amendment
Harper vs. VA State Board of Elections
The poll tax, as a requirement for voting is unconstitutional
Kirkpatrick vs. Preisler
In dividing a state into congressional districts, the state legislature must make all districts equal in population
Killbourn vs. Thompson
The investigative powers of congress are limited to matters within its proper sphere, on which it has shown an intent to legislate
Gibbons vs. Ogden
The court reaffirmed that congress has the authority to regulate foreign and domestic trade
Selective Draft Law Cases
The constitutional power to raise armies includes the power to compel military service. Compulsory service is an obligation of a citizen to his Government
Kendall vs. United States
An officer to the United States may not refuse to preform a duty imposed upon him by an act of congress, even though the president ordered him not to perform the duty
Clinton vs. NYC
Congress lacks the power to give the president a line-item-veto. Only a constitutional amendment can grant a line-item-veto
Chaplinsky vs. New Hampshire
The right of free speech doesn’t include the use of lewd, obscene, profane, and libelous expressions of words which by their very utterance inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace
Dennis vs. United States
Freedom of speech doesn’t include any action that’s goal is the violent overthrow of the United States in peacetime or war
Tinker vs. Des Moines School District
Students may express personal opinions as long as they don’t materially disrupt class work, create substantial disorder, or interfere with the rights of others
Board of Education of Westside Community Schools vs. Mergens
Allows students to meet on campus and discuss religion is constitutional because it doesn’t amount to “state sponsorship of a religion”
Eichman vs. United States
Flag burning constitutes expressive conduct, and thus is entitled to constitutional protection
Gideon vs. Wainwright
Every felony defendant must be provided with a lawyer regardless of the defendants ability to pay
Escobedo vs. Illinois
Any suspect who has requested a lawyer, must be provided with a lawyer. If a suspect has not been warned of his right to remain silent, he has been deprived of his right to counsel as quarantined by the sixth amendment
Miranda vs. Arizona
A suspect in the hands of police authorities must be clearly informed of his rights prior to any questioning
Gregg vs. Georgia
The death penalty doesn’t violate constitution
Munn vs. Illinois
Federal Gov. can regulate public utilities
Standard Oil Company vs. United States
The company was ordered to dissolve because it was using it economic power to restrain trade in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Roe vs. Wade
The court declared a state law outlawing abortion unconstitutional because the law violated the due-process clause of the 14th Amendment which protects to right of privacy
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Separate but equal accommodations for the races is constitutional
Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
Separate but Equal” in the public school system is unconstitutional
