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Chapter 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Types of Gov

A 
Anarchy
socialism
communism
democracy
monarchy
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1
Q

Source of all political power

A

God

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2
Q

Anarchy

A

Absence of Gov.

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3
Q

Socialism

A

Gov. owns part of the means of production

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4
Q

Communism

A

Gov. owns ALL of the means of production

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5
Q

Democracy

A

People Rule

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6
Q

Absolute Monarchy

A

King has absolute power

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7
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

King shares power w/ the people

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8
Q

Factors of production

A

1) land
2) labor
3) capital
4) entrepreneurship
5) technology

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9
Q

4 basic economic questions

A

1) what should be made?
2) how much should be produced?
3) what methods should be used?
4) how should goods and services be distributed

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10
Q

Magna Carta

A

Attempt to limit authority of king

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11
Q

3 principles of Magna Carta

A

1) rights to trial by jury
2) due process of law is guaranteed
3) no taxation w/o consent

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12
Q

English common law

A

1) Precedent
2) all men are equal under law
3) life, liberty, and property may not be taken away illegally

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13
Q

Precedent

A

Practice of judges basing decisions on previous cases

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14
Q

Nicole Machiavelli

A

The Prince

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15
Q

The Prince

A

1) the best for of government is one which citizens felt a patriotic attachment to the state
2) effective rulers act only in their political interest

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16
Q

Bishop Bossuet

A

Political Ideas Derived from the Very Words of Holy Scriptures

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17
Q

Political Ideas Derived from the Very Words of Holy Scriptures

A

1) absolutism

2) divine right of kings

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18
Q

James 1

A

Free Law of Free Monarchy

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19
Q

Free Law of Free Monarchy

A

1) Absolutism
2) king is responsible to God alone
3) king is father, people are children

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20
Q

Jean Bodin

A

Six Books of the Republic

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21
Q

Six books of the republic

A

1) Every country has to have supreme power
2) king must be subject to natural law
3) Legis Summi Imperii “Salic Law”

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22
Q

Salic Law

A

No women ruler

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23
Q

English Petition of Rights

A

Limit Royal Authority

1) could not levy taxes
2) cant imprison w/o specific charge or trial jury
3) can’t courter soldiers in private homes w/o owners consent

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24
3 ideas of English Civil War and Commonwealth
1) Absolute monarchy was destroyed 2) House of Commons becomes dominate political power 3) Opposition to a standing army
25
Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan
26
Leviathan
Without gov. it would be chaos
27
Act of Habeas Corpus
1) guarantees a promo hearing for legal authorities | 2) if arrested illegally the arrestee is punished
28
English Bill of Rights
King can't w/o permission from parliament... 1) Suspend law 2) Levy taxes 3) Raise an army
29
4 Guaranteed Liberties of Men
1) Right to petition the Gov. 2) Right to a speedy trial 3) Protection from excessive fines and bails 4) Protection from cruel and unusual punishment
30
4 things enlightenment stressed
1) Human Nature 2) Reason 3) Science 4) natural Law
31
Writers of Enlightenment
Philosophes
32
Philosophes ideas
1) By observing human nature in history and the present one can discover the laws that govern human nature and these laws can be used to design a virtuous and orderly society 2) Freedom of religion 3) Freedom of thought
33
Enlightened Despotism
Ruler justifies his authority on his usefulness to society
34
John Locke
Two Treaties on Government
35
Two treaties on Government
1) Man is born a "blank slate" 2) Man's character comes through education 3) Man is born with 3 God given natural rights 4) Gov. was created to protect those rights 5) Right of Revolution
36
Man's 3 natural rights
1) Life 2) Liberty 3) Property
37
Right of Revolution
If gov. fails man has right to take control
38
Baron de Montesquieu
The Spirit of Laws
39
The Spirit of Laws
Separation of powers 1) make the law 2) interpret the law 3) enforce the law
40
Voltaire's beliefs
1) Rulers should use authority to promote reform 2) Freedom of thought 3) Religious freedom
41
Candide
1) Attack superstitions | 2) Attack religious persecution
42
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Social Contract
43
Social Contract
1) General will is sovereign 2) Man has life liberty and propert 3) Right of Rev 4) Will of community if determined democratically is more important than individual rights
44
Marquis Cesaradi Beccaria
An Essay on Crimes and Punishment
45
An Essay on Crimes and Punishment
Man should have system of laws that apply equally to all classes
46
Physiocrats
Economist of Enlightenment
47
Francios Quesnay
Economic Tables
48
Economic Tables
Laissez-faire | 1) gov. doesn't regulate economy
49
Adam Smith
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
50
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
1) supports Laissez-faire 2) People should be a allowed to produce as much as possible w/o gov. interference 3) Let people trade as much as possible
51
Early American government
Based off British
52
British Government
1) King- head of state 2) Parliament- legislative, executive A) House of Lords B) House of Commons
53
Articles of Confederation
First written document of American gov
54
Purpose of Constitutional Convention
Revise Articles of confederation
55
Member of CC
1) President: George Washington 2) Father of Constitution: James Madison 3) Chairman of Committee of Style: Gouverneur Morris
56
Secrecy Rule
Nobody outside of CC knows what's going on
57
5 goals of CC
1) Create a Republic 2) Want a written constitution 3) Want a stronger national gov. 4) Want a government that will protect human rights and property rights 5) Wanted to reform society so that gov. would have virtue
58
3 areas of conflict in CC
1) Economics 2) Strength of National Government 3) Representation in Congress
59
Virginia Plan
1) James Madison 2) Large State Plan 3) Three branches
60
Three Branches of Virginia
1) Legislative- Bicameral 2) Executive 3) Judicial
61
New Jersey Plan
1) William Patterson | 2) 3 Branches
63
Connecticut Compromise
1) Roger Sherman | 2) One Branch
64
3/5 compromise
Slave states Must count slaves in determining the number of representatives each state will receive Must not count slaves in determining the percentage of the tax burden to be paid Non-slave states Must not count slaves in determining the number of representatives each state will receive Must count slaves in the determining the percentage of the tax burden to be paid
65
Slave trade compromise
The international slave trade would remain open for twenty more years
66
Division of powers
Delegated powers | Reserved powers
67
Delegated powers
Constitutional powers
68
Reserved powers
Powers kept by state
69
Amending process
1)Amendments may originate in: Congress Constitutional Convention 2)Must be ratified by 3/4 of the states 3)Approval of 9 states needed to replace the Articles of Confederation 4)Necessary States: Virginia, New York, Massachusetts
70
Federalist
1) Must have stronger central Gov 2) Federalist Papers James Madison John Jay Alexander Hamilton
71
Anti federalist
1) Took too much power from the states 2) No bill of rights 3) Gave pres. too much power

Government (11 decks)

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