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Government > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Types of Gov

A 
Anarchy
socialism
communism
democracy
monarchy
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1
Q

Source of all political power

A

God

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2
Q

Anarchy

A

Absence of Gov.

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3
Q

Socialism

A

Gov. owns part of the means of production

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4
Q

Communism

A

Gov. owns ALL of the means of production

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5
Q

Democracy

A

People Rule

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6
Q

Absolute Monarchy

A

King has absolute power

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7
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

King shares power w/ the people

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8
Q

Factors of production

A

1) land
2) labor
3) capital
4) entrepreneurship
5) technology

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9
Q

4 basic economic questions

A

1) what should be made?
2) how much should be produced?
3) what methods should be used?
4) how should goods and services be distributed

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10
Q

Magna Carta

A

Attempt to limit authority of king

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11
Q

3 principles of Magna Carta

A

1) rights to trial by jury
2) due process of law is guaranteed
3) no taxation w/o consent

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12
Q

English common law

A

1) Precedent
2) all men are equal under law
3) life, liberty, and property may not be taken away illegally

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13
Q

Precedent

A

Practice of judges basing decisions on previous cases

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14
Q

Nicole Machiavelli

A

The Prince

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15
Q

The Prince

A

1) the best for of government is one which citizens felt a patriotic attachment to the state
2) effective rulers act only in their political interest

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16
Q

Bishop Bossuet

A

Political Ideas Derived from the Very Words of Holy Scriptures

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17
Q

Political Ideas Derived from the Very Words of Holy Scriptures

A

1) absolutism

2) divine right of kings

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18
Q

James 1

A

Free Law of Free Monarchy

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19
Q

Free Law of Free Monarchy

A

1) Absolutism
2) king is responsible to God alone
3) king is father, people are children

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20
Q

Jean Bodin

A

Six Books of the Republic

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21
Q

Six books of the republic

A

1) Every country has to have supreme power
2) king must be subject to natural law
3) Legis Summi Imperii “Salic Law”

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22
Q

Salic Law

A

No women ruler

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23
Q

English Petition of Rights

A

Limit Royal Authority

1) could not levy taxes
2) cant imprison w/o specific charge or trial jury
3) can’t courter soldiers in private homes w/o owners consent

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24
Q

3 ideas of English Civil War and Commonwealth

A

1) Absolute monarchy was destroyed
2) House of Commons becomes dominate political power
3) Opposition to a standing army

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25
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Leviathan

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26
Q

Leviathan

A

Without gov. it would be chaos

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27
Q

Act of Habeas Corpus

A

1) guarantees a promo hearing for legal authorities

2) if arrested illegally the arrestee is punished

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28
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

King can’t w/o permission from parliament…

1) Suspend law
2) Levy taxes
3) Raise an army

29
Q

4 Guaranteed Liberties of Men

A

1) Right to petition the Gov.
2) Right to a speedy trial
3) Protection from excessive fines and bails
4) Protection from cruel and unusual punishment

30
Q

4 things enlightenment stressed

A

1) Human Nature
2) Reason
3) Science
4) natural Law

31
Q

Writers of Enlightenment

A

Philosophes

32
Q

Philosophes ideas

A

1) By observing human nature in history and the present one can discover the laws that govern human nature and these laws can be used to design a virtuous and orderly society
2) Freedom of religion
3) Freedom of thought

33
Q

Enlightened Despotism

A

Ruler justifies his authority on his usefulness to society

34
Q

John Locke

A

Two Treaties on Government

35
Q

Two treaties on Government

A

1) Man is born a “blank slate”
2) Man’s character comes through education
3) Man is born with 3 God given natural rights
4) Gov. was created to protect those rights
5) Right of Revolution

36
Q

Man’s 3 natural rights

A

1) Life
2) Liberty
3) Property

37
Q

Right of Revolution

A

If gov. fails man has right to take control

38
Q

Baron de Montesquieu

A

The Spirit of Laws

39
Q

The Spirit of Laws

A

Separation of powers

1) make the law
2) interpret the law
3) enforce the law

40
Q

Voltaire’s beliefs

A

1) Rulers should use authority to promote reform
2) Freedom of thought
3) Religious freedom

41
Q

Candide

A

1) Attack superstitions

2) Attack religious persecution

42
Q

Jean Jacques Rousseau

A

Social Contract

43
Q

Social Contract

A

1) General will is sovereign
2) Man has life liberty and propert
3) Right of Rev
4) Will of community if determined democratically is more important than individual rights

44
Q

Marquis Cesaradi Beccaria

A

An Essay on Crimes and Punishment

45
Q

An Essay on Crimes and Punishment

A

Man should have system of laws that apply equally to all classes

46
Q

Physiocrats

A

Economist of Enlightenment

47
Q

Francios Quesnay

A

Economic Tables

48
Q

Economic Tables

A

Laissez-faire

1) gov. doesn’t regulate economy

49
Q

Adam Smith

A

An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

50
Q

An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

A

1) supports Laissez-faire
2) People should be a allowed to produce as much as possible w/o gov. interference
3) Let people trade as much as possible

51
Q

Early American government

A

Based off British

52
Q

British Government

A

1) King- head of state
2) Parliament- legislative, executive
A) House of Lords
B) House of Commons

53
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

First written document of American gov

54
Q

Purpose of Constitutional Convention

A

Revise Articles of confederation

55
Q

Member of CC

A

1) President: George Washington
2) Father of Constitution: James Madison
3) Chairman of Committee of Style: Gouverneur Morris

56
Q

Secrecy Rule

A

Nobody outside of CC knows what’s going on

57
Q

5 goals of CC

A

1) Create a Republic
2) Want a written constitution
3) Want a stronger national gov.
4) Want a government that will protect human rights and property rights
5) Wanted to reform society so that gov. would have virtue

58
Q

3 areas of conflict in CC

A

1) Economics
2) Strength of National Government
3) Representation in Congress

59
Q

Virginia Plan

A

1) James Madison
2) Large State Plan
3) Three branches

60
Q

Three Branches of Virginia

A

1) Legislative- Bicameral
2) Executive
3) Judicial

61
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

1) William Patterson

2) 3 Branches

63
Q

Connecticut Compromise

A

1) Roger Sherman

2) One Branch

64
Q

3/5 compromise

A

Slave states
Must count slaves in determining the number of representatives each state will receive
Must not count slaves in determining the percentage of the tax burden to be paid
Non-slave states
Must not count slaves in determining the number of representatives each state will receive
Must count slaves in the determining the percentage of the tax burden to be paid

65
Q

Slave trade compromise

A

The international slave trade would remain open for twenty more years

66
Q

Division of powers

A

Delegated powers

Reserved powers

67
Q

Delegated powers

A

Constitutional powers

68
Q

Reserved powers

A

Powers kept by state

69
Q

Amending process

A

1)Amendments may originate in:
Congress
Constitutional Convention
2)Must be ratified by 3/4 of the states
3)Approval of 9 states needed to replace the Articles of Confederation
4)Necessary States: Virginia, New York, Massachusetts

70
Q

Federalist

A

1) Must have stronger central Gov
2) Federalist Papers
James Madison
John Jay
Alexander Hamilton

71
Q

Anti federalist

A

1) Took too much power from the states
2) No bill of rights
3) Gave pres. too much power

Government (11 decks)

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