Course 5 Flashcards
1
Q
ABG
A
Blood taken from artery
2
Q
Band cell
A
Immature WBC
3
Q
Band cells found in high levels
A
Bandemia
4
Q
Bandemia means that something catastrophic has happened. T or F?
A
T
5
Q
Coumadin, tPA, and ASA
Which is an anti-platelet, blood thinner, or “clot-buster”
A
ASA- anti platelet
tPA- clot buster
Coumadin- blood thinner
6
Q
Thrombocytopenia
A
Prone to bleeding due to low Plt
7
Q
Hemoglobin and hematocrit at low levels means what?
A
Anemia
8
Q
Leukocytosis is related to WBC how?
A
High WBC
9
Q
When is a 12 lead EKG ordered? (4)
A
CC
CP
SOB
Syncope
10
Q
What are the 12 EKG leads
A
I,II,III, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6
11
Q
What are the inferior EKG leads?
A
I, III, aVF
12
Q
What are lateral EKG leads?
A
I, aVR, aVL, V5, V6
13
Q
What are the anterior EKG leads?
A
V3, V4
14
Q
What are the septal EKG leads?
A
V1, V2
15
Q
What is a CT scan?
A
Computerized tomography assembles 64 images in a computer
16
Q
Which has more radiation CT or X-RAY?
A
CT
17
Q
What test needs to be given before giving IV contrast?
A
Creatinine
18
Q
Appendicitis, SBO, Diverticulitis, and Ischemic gut are all viewed with what kind of CT?
A
CT A/P w/ PO
19
Q
CTA chest, PE, aortic dissection, CVA, and carotid occlusion are all examples of what kinds of CT?
A
CTA, CT w/ contrast
20
Q
PNA, PTX, kidney stones, pyelonephritis, head CTs, and rib fractures are observed with what kinds of CT?
A
CT w/o
21
Q
_________: responsible for viewing movement, sounds waves, and progress over time
A
US
22
Q
US Doppler LE is full name? What dos it observe?
A
Ultrasound Doppler lower extremities
DVT
23
Q
US RUQ? Potential findings? (5)
A
Abdominal ultrasound of RUQ. THe potential findings are Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis, Bile sludge, Gall bladder wall thickening, and bile duct obstruction
24
Q
Subluxation
A
Partial dislocation
25
PNA, PTX, Dissection, pleural effusion, and CHF can all be Dx by?
CXR
26
A _______ diagnoses free stair rupture, SBO, constipation, and large kidney stones
AAS
27
CBC with diff is used to assess...
WBC or H&H
28
CBC with diff stands for...
Complete blood count
29
BMP
basic metabolic panel
30
BNP is used to assess... (3)
Electrolytes
Renal function
Glucose
31
What are the two electrolytes measures in a BMP?
Na and K
32
What are the 2 renal markers in a BMP?
BUN and Creatinine
33
What is a CMP
Complete metabolic panel
34
CMP is used to assess...
BMP + LFTs
35
LFT = ?
liver function tests
36
What does high troponin symbol?
Acute MI
37
UDIP+UA assess what?
UTI or blood (possible kidney stone)
38
BNP (if high) assesses:
Acute CHF
39
If COAGS are high that means risk for ________
Bleeding
40
ABG assesses ______
Hypoxia
41
What are the 3 different kinds of lab studies?
Blood, urine, and cultures
42
What are the 4 components of CBC?
WBC
Hub
Hct
Plt
43
High WBC means what assoc DDx? Significance?
Leukocytosis. Infection.
44
What is the sig of low hemoglobin?
Anemia
45
What is the sig of low hematocrit?
Anemia
46
What is the DDx of low platelets? Significance?
Thrombocytopenia
47
What are the components of a CBC with diff?
```
CBC
Bands
Segs
Lymphs
monos
Eos
```
48
Mono? When high?
Monocytes. Bacterial infection.
49
High eos?
Parasitic infection
50
High segs? Sig?
“Left shift”, acute infection
51
High lymphs. Sig?
Viral infection
52
BMP?
Basic Metabolic Panel
53
“Chem-7”=
BMP
54
7 parts of a Chem-7 panel?
```
Na
K
BUN
Creat
Gluc
HCO3-
Cl-
```
55
Na. High? Sig? Low? Sig?
```
High= hypernatremia
Low= hypernatremia
```
Both sig= dehydration
56
K. High? Sig? Low? Sig?
```
High= hyperkalemia, sig= poor kidney function
Low= hypokalemia, sig= may cause arrhythmias
```
57
BUN? High. Sig?
Blood urea nitrogen
| Renal insufficiency or failure
58
Creat? High. Sig?
Creatinine. Renal insufficiency or failure.
59
HCO3-. Low? Sig? High? Sig?
Bicarbonate
High= hyperglycemia, high blood sugar
Low= hypoglycemia, low blood sugar
60
Cl-? High? Low? sig?
```
High= hyperchloremia
Low= hypochloremia
Sig= possible dehyration
```
61
CMP, Chem-12. Components?
```
BMP
T prot/alb
T bili
AST (SGOT)
ALT (SGPT)
ALK Phos
```
62
T Prot/Alb. Sig?
Poor nutrition
63
T bili. Sig?
Jaundice/Liver failure
64
AST. High. Sig?
Liver damage
65
ALT. High. Sig?
Liver damage
66
ALK Phos. High? Sig?
Liver damage
67
CEP?
Cardiac enzyme panel
68
What are the compartments of CEP?
Trop, CK, CK-MB, CK-RI, and Myo
69
D-Dimer is ordered to rule out a ______
PE
70
Respiratory lab. Components?
BNP
ABG
VBG
71
Low pH in ABG? High/low HCO3? High/low pCO2? Low pO2?
Acidosis
Metabolic problem
Respiratory problems
Hypoxia
72
What are the 5 parts of a cardiac order set?
```
CBC
BMP
Troponin
EKG
CXR
```
73
CSF analysis?
Cerebrospinal fluid microanalysis
74
CSF Gluc. Low. Sig?
Possible bacterial meningitis
75
CSF Prot. High. Sig?
Meningitis
76
CSF RBC. >0 in Tube 4. Sig?
SAH
77
SAH
Brain bleed
78
CSF WBC. >3 in Tube 4. Sig?
Possible meningitis
79
CSF Gram stain. Positive bacteria. Sig?
Bacteria meningitis
80
PT in COAGS?
Prothrombin Time
81
PT. High. Sig?
Blood is too thin
82
INR. >3? <2? Sig?
```
Supratherapeutic = too much Coumadin
Subtherapeutic = not enough Coumadin
```
83
ENT Labs (4)
Strep
Monospot
Influenza A+B
RSV
84
Positive strep. Sig?
Strep throat
85
Monospot. Positive?
Mononucleosis
86
Influenza A+B. Positive?
The flu
87
RSV? Positive. Sig?
Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Likely bronchiolitis.
88
What are the two test in a pancreatic enzyme study? When high. Sig?
Lip
Amy
Sig= pancreatitis
89
Components in a thyroid lab?
TSH
| T3
90
TSH? High? Low? Sig?
Thyroid stimulating hormone. When high, possible hypothyroidism. When low, possible hyperthyroidism.
91
T3? Low. Sig?
Triiodothyronine. When low chance of hypothyroidism.
92
T4? Low. Sig?
Thyroxine. Low= hypothyroidism.
93
What are the 2 components of inflammation labs?
CRP
| ESR or SED rate
94
CRP? High. Sig?
C-Reactive Protein. High = active inflammation in the body.
95
ESR or SED Rate? High. Sig?
ESR or SED= Erythrocyte and sedimentation rate
High sig= active inflammation in the body
96
What are the 5 components of an OB/GYN labs?
```
HCG
Serum HCG Qual
Serum HCB Quant
T+S/ABORh
T+X
```
97
HCG? Positive, sig? Negative, sig?
Urine beta HCG
Positive= pregnant
Negative= not pregnant
98
Serum HCG Qual. Positive, sig? Negative, sig?
Serum beta HCG Qualitative
Positive= pregnant
Negative= not pregnant
99
Serum HCB Qual? Higher. Sig? Unchanged/lower. Sig?
```
Higher= further along in pregnancy
Lower= failed pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy
```
100
T+S/ABORh? Rh neg. Sig?
Type and Screen/Blood Type. Rh negative- Needs RhoGAM shot if pregnant.
101
T+X?
Type and cross
102
Pelvic exam labs?
Wet prep
GC
CT
Genital CX
103
Clue cells in a wet prep= ?
BV
104
BV
Bacterial vaginosis
105
Many trichomonas = ?
STD
106
CT? Postive = ?
```
CT = Chlamydia, Trachomatis
+ = STD (Chlamydia)
```
107
Genital Cx? Positive growth. Sig?
Genital culture
| Positive growth = pending results (takes a long time)
108
Leuks. Positive. Sig?
Likely UTI
109
Nit. +. Sig?
UTI
110
4 parts of a urine dip
Leuks
Nit
Gluc
Blo
111
Gluc. +? Sig?
```
Gluc= glucose
+ = Glycosuria
sig = DM
```
112
Blo. +? Sig?
Positive- Hematuria
| Sig- kidney stone vs UTI
113
hpf?
High power feild
114
high WBC in urine: _________
Pyuria
115
RBC in urine: _____________
Hematuria
116
Epi cells in urinalysis. Sig?
Contaminated sample
117
What are the 3. Symptoms of sepsis?
Febrile (greater than 100.5)
Tachycardia (HR>100 bpm)
Hypotensive (BP<90/60)
118
High WBC= ?
Leukocytes
119
High band cells = ?
Bandemia
120
What are the 4 toxicology labs?
ASA
APAP
EtOH
UTox
121
ASA in high levels in tox labs= ?
Toxic ASA level
122
APAP high = ?
Toxic Tylenol level
123
Diabetes labs include?
Accu-Chek
| Ketones
124
Ketones in a large abnormal level. Sig?
Likely DKA
125
FSBG is a part of Accu-Chek. What does it stand for?
Finger stick blood glucose
126
Accu-chek of less than 80 mg or more than 110 mg means what?
Low or high BP
127
MACRA. What’s the goal?
Intended to help stop the increasing healthcare costs in the US
128
NC? What?
Nasal cannula. A tube placed in pt nostril.
129
RA? what?
room air. No breathing assistance.
130
FM? What?
Facial mask. A plastic mask fit over the nose and mouth.
131
NRM? What?
Non-rebreather mask
| A facia mask with a reservoir bag attached.
132
What are the 3 critical care oxygen routes?
CPAP
BiPAP
BVM
ETT
133
CPAP
Continuous positive airway pressure
134
BiPAP
Biphasic positive airway pressure
135
BVM
Bag-valve mask
136
ETT? What?
Endotracheal tube? Breathes down your throat into your lungs, verified by CXR
137
Vital signs
HR
BP
SaO2
T
138
______: charts that are lacking information
Down-coded charts
139
Level __ is the billing level we are trying to achieve
5
140
How many parts of HPI do u need?
4
141
of parts of ROS needed?
10 min
| Or all negatives and 2 elements
142
PMH,SH,FM needs ____ elements
2
143
PE needs ___ organ systems
8
144
What are the parts that we need to document for discharge (5)
```
Follow up
Time period in which to follow up
Spec conditions for ED return
Condition “stable for discharge”
Time fo disposition
```
145
What are the 3 kinds of discharge?
Admitted
Transferred
Discharged
(AMA)
