Counseling and Motivation Flashcards
Motivation definition:
- motivation is a kind of energy and that it is focused, goal directed
- fuels that energy are people’s reasons for acting.
Self-Determination Theory (SDT)
Pyshcological needs need to be satisifed.
Psychological needs included in SDT?
autonomy
competence
relatedness
Autonomy
-to feel you are acting vilitionaly, to self-endorse one’s actions, to act based on one’s own reasons and values
(“I am doing it because I want to”). Autonomy vs. independence
Competence
- feel effective
- meet challenges
- broaden one’s capacities
- experience mastery
it is more than mere ability.
Relatedness
to feel a close connection to others.
Internalization
acquires an attitude, belief, or behavioral regulation and progressively transforms it into a personal value, goal, or organization
Internalization facilitated by:
- sense of relatedness
- sense of competence
- sense of autonomy in adopting it
Satisfying psychological needs influences….
- Deeper internalization
- tend to pursue goals, domains, and relationships that allow/support need satisfactions
- promotes a sense of psychological well being and vitality.
Categorization of Motivation
autonomous–controlled
intrinsic—extrinsic
Extrinsic motivation
Gain an award
avoid punishment.
Intrinsic motivation
Reflects the natural propensity to develop through exploration and play and, in doing so, expand capabilities
Autonomy Support Components
- Taking the clients perspective -foundation
- Encourage reflection, exploration and questioning
- Offer choice and support meaningful input
- Provide meaningful rationales for strategies and activities
- Minimize pressure (behave or to act in certain directions)
Competence
The psychological need that generates the willingness to:
- seek out optimal challenges
- take them on
- exert persistent effort and strategic thinking until we master them.
Compenents of competence support:
- Proximal goals
- Focus on optimal challenge
- Identify and manage barriers
- Promote self-monitoring/evaluation and experience success
- Information feedback.
Relatedness support
- Unconditional positive regard
- Show genuine interest and concern
- Acknowledge/ accept conflict
- Be honest, and transparent
self-efficact theory: Formed from four sources of information
- mastery experiences
- vicarious experiences
- verbal persuasion
- physiological and affetive states
mastery experiences
Past successes and failures are the single most influential determiner of our self-efficacy beliefs
Vicarious experiences
Observing somebody we deem like ourselves in relevant ways doing the task we are considering doing successfully, this will increase our confidence
Example: there’s a big rock in the room-if a 350lb guy lifts it, it won’t make me feel more confident but if someone my size lifts it, then I will be more confident
Verbal persuasion
Weakest form of self-efficacy
When it works , it’s usually because it comes from a very trusted source
Physiological and affective states
Our physical and emotional experiences will tend to color whether we feel we can do something
Example: if I am feeling weak and fatigued,, I might not feel I can lift that rock. If I got a sleep and feel strong, I might feel I can lift it.
Motivational Interviewing
-A way of being with patients and having a conversation about change, which is non judgemental and based on compassion, respect and empathy
Guiding principles of MI:
- Resists the righting reflex
- Understand and explore the patient’s own motivation
- Listen with empathy
- Empower the patient, encouraging hope and optimism
Core Communication Skills (OARS) of MI
Open ended questions
Reflective listening
Affirmations
Summarizating
Informing and advising
Self-efficacy divieds motivation infot different types/kinds of motivation
false
An SLP has the habit of praising her clients when they do as she would like them to and becoming a little colder when they don’t. According to SDT, which basic need might she be thwarting?
relatedness
List three reported benefits of autonomous forms of motivation that are relevant to our concerns in speech therapy.
1) Superior goal progress compared to controlled motivation.
2) Superior task performance
3) Improved well-being
Describe the floowing reported benefit of autonomous forms of motivation:Superior task performance
Clients show superior task performance if they are given choices and are intrinsically motivated to do those tasks.
Describe the floowing reported benefit of autonomous forms of motivation: Improved well-being
Our clients well-being is improved if they feel confident they can successfully attain the goals they have set in therapy.
To promote autonomous motivation for a task/goal that may not be interesting or immediately valuable to a patient, you can do 3 things
- Provide meaningful rationales.
- Acknowledge negative feelings about engaging in this pursuit.
- Do not use any pressuring language.
