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Respiratory Year 3 > Coughing in the horse > Flashcards

Coughing in the horse Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of pneumonia in the foal?

A

Bacterial. Strep zooepidemicus

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2
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with infectious pneumonia in the weanling?

A

Pyrexia, Mucopurulent discharge, noise on auscultation, coughing

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3
Q

Why is it difficult to listen to LRT infection in the horse?

A

They have a large reserve volume

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4
Q

What would you be able to see on endoscopy of a horse with infectious pneumonia?

A

mucopurulent exudate

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5
Q

How does infectious pneumonia present on X-ray?

A

bronchointerstitial pattern

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6
Q

What will you see on the BAL of an animal suffereing with infectious pneumonia?

A

bacteria and degenerate neutrophils

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7
Q

What strains of herpes virus cause URT and LRT disease in the horse?

A

1 and 4

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8
Q

How should you treat bacterial pneumonia in the horse?

A

Treat with antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity. Possibly bronchodilators

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9
Q

In what age group of horses is URT infection most common?

A

Yearling who first encounter viruses

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10
Q

What is the symptoms of URT infect?

A

Fever, Nasal discharge, coughing, enlarged sub mandibular lymph nodes.

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11
Q

Where does Equine herpes virus remain latent?

A

Bronchial lymph nodes, sub-mandibular LN, trigemminal ganglion

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12
Q

Where in the respiratory tract does the herpes virus replicate?

A

In the upper respiratory tract then disseminates to the lower respiratory tract

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13
Q

How long does immunity to equine herpes virus last?

A

3-5 months

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14
Q

How can you diagnose equine herpes virus ?

A

nasopharyngeal swab combined with PCR or paired serology

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15
Q

How long is the equine influenza virus immunity effective for?

A

2-3 months

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16
Q

what are the clinical signs of equine herpes virus?

A

raised temp, inappetance, nasal discharge, coughing depression and abortion

17
Q

What is the basic disease process in RAO?

A

Spores and allergens deposit in bronchioles stimulating immune reactions including type1, 3 and 4. The airways then become hyper sensitive and react to everything

18
Q

What are the acute symptoms of RAO?

A

Increased inspiratory and expiratory effort

19
Q

What are the chronic symptoms of RAO?

A

Poor performance, coughing and possibly hypertrophy of abdominal muscles

20
Q

What other disease can look like RAO but is seasonal?

A

Summer pasture associated pulmonary disease

21
Q

What group is inflammatory airway disease usually seen in?

A

Young performance horses

22
Q

What is EIPH?

A

Exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage

23
Q

What can you see on cytology of lavage of RAO patient?

A

Increased cellularity, non degenerate neutrophils and presence of curshmanns spirals

24
Q

What are curshmanns spirals?

A

These are spiral shapped mucus plugs that are the result of chronic inflammation

Respiratory Year 3 (10 decks)

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