Cough and Hemoptysis Flashcards
What is an explosive expiration that provides a normal protective mechanism for clearing the bronchial area of its secretions and foreign material?
Cough
What kind of cough is most often a URI, but can also be sinusitis, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, or CHF?
Acute cough
How long is the duration of an acute cough?
< 3 weeks
What kind of cough is commonly post infectious from persistent inflammation and/or post-nasal drip?
Subacute cough
How long is the duration of an subacute cough?
3-8 weeks
What kind of cough is it if it is smokers consider COPD or Bronchogenic cancer; otherwise ACEI, postnasal drip, asthma, and GERD?
Chronic cough
How long is the duration of an chronic cough?
> 8 weeks
What is known as the expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract?
Hemoptysis
What kind of hemoptysis is bright red as opposed to the dark red or brown color of blood from GERD?
True Hemoptysis
What are the most common causes of Hemoptysis?
Bronchitis and Bronchogenic cancer
What are the most common causes of massive hemoptysis?
TB and bronchiectasis
What is the number one cause of cancer deaths in both men and women in the U.S. and worldwide?
Lung cancer
What is the principal risk factor for development of lung cancer?
Smoking
What are the 2 types of lung cancer?
Small cell lung cancers (SCLC)
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC)
What do 90-95% of lung cancers arise from?
epithelial cells (cells lining the smaller and larger airways)
What is it called when there is cancer to the pleura of the lung as well as the lining of the abdominal cavity?
mesothelioma
What percentage of people get lung cancer after the age of 65 years old?
70%
How much more likely is the smoker who smokes a pack a day to get lung cancer in comparison to the non-smoker?
25x more likely
How much more likely is the smoker who smokes cigars/pipes to get lung cancer in comparison to the non-smoker?
5x more likely
What kind of lung cancer comprises of 20% of lung cancers and are the most aggressive and rapidly growing of all lung cancers?
Small cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
What is another name for small cell lung cancer?
oat cell carcinomas
What are the most common type of lung cancer (80% of all lung cancers)?
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
What are the three types of NSCLC?
adenocarcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
large cell carcinoma
Which is the most common type of primary lung cancer?
adenocarcinoma
Which develops from the flat surface covering cells in the airways, often found near the center of the lung in one of the main airways?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Which is called because the cells look large and rounded under microscope and tends to grow quickly?
Large cell carcinoma
