Cough and Cold Flashcards
Protussive drug groups
mucolytics
expectorants
MOA: opens up disulfide bonds in mucoproteins with its sulfhydryl group
acetylcysteine
MOA: breakdown of acid mucopolysaccharide fibers, stimulates synthesis of type II pneumocytes, stimulates ciliary activity improving MUCOKINESIS
ambroxol
Metabolite of bromhexine
ambroxol
MOA: reflex stimulation;
irritates gastric mucosa and stimulates respiratory tract secretions –> increased respiratory fluid volume, decreasing viscosity of phlegm
guaifenesin (robitussin)
Antitussive CI include
stable COPD
MOA: central depression of medullary center by binding to opiate receptors -> inhibiting cough
codeine
Non-opioid depression of medullary center and numbing stretch receptors in respiratory tract –> prevent cough reflex
dextromethorphan (non-opioid but an opioid derivative)
Oral local anesthetic. Peripherally acting. Used in opiate-resistant cough.
benzonatate
Oral local anesthetic. Widely used in EU. Neuromodulation of C-fiber. Peripheral acting.
Used in CANCER-related cough.
levodropropizine
Oral local anesthetic. Non-sedating with rapid onset and long duration.
Inhibits irritant receptors of lungs (rapidly adapting receptors)
moguisteine
Strongest antitussive
morphine
Oral antitussive that can cause constipation, dizziness, memory problems, respiratory depression, tolerance, addiction
morphine
Beta2 agonist given with nebulized local anesthetics
salmeterol
Nebulized local anesthetic effective in cough reduction:
lidocaine
bupivacaine
