Corynebacterium Flashcards
Corynebacterium contains what in the cell wall?
Mycolic Acid
Where is Corynebacterium found?
Commensals (mucous, skin), soil and other environmental sources
What type of pathogens are Corynebacterium?
Opportunistic
What type of infections are assoc. with Corynebacterium?
Pyogenic infections
C. Diphtheriae is carried in what?
A bacteriophage
C. Diphtheriae causes disease in what age group?
Children - whooping cough
What other corynebacterium spp. contain diphtheria toxin?
C. Psuedotuberculosis and C. Ulcerans
C. Pseudotuberculosis causes what lesion in sheep and goats?
Caseous lymphadenitis AND chronic pyogranulomatous infections of lymph nodes
C. pseudotuberculosis is what kind of pathogen?
Facultative intracellular pathogen (survives inside macrophage to produce Chronic Granulomatous Disease)
Local lymphadenitis assoc. with C. pseudotuberculosis is caused by:
Penetration of skin, minor wounds, and bites
Virulence factors of C. Pseudotuberculosis are
Exotocin, phospholipase D - enhances the spread of bacteria by damaging endothelial cells and increasing vascular permeability
Damage to endothelial cells and increasing vascular permeability is caused by what virulence factor? (Of C. pseudotuberculosis)
Exotoxin phospholipase-D
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis severity __________ with age
Increases
C. pseudotuberculosis: Caseous lymphadenitis characteristics
Abscess formation in major lymph nodes (external form - common in goats)
Abscess are formed within internal organs and lymph nodes (internal form - common in sheep)
Economic losses from death
C. pseudotuberculosis: caseous lymphadenitis features?
Lamellated “onion skin” appearance
What type of necrosis is assoc. with caseous lymphadenitis?
Caseous necrosis - abscesses rapidly encapsulated by fibrous CT
Cells that are no longer recognizable; tissue architecture that is lost is a characteristic of _____________ necrosis
Caseous
Tissue architecture is preserves; identify of the necrotic cells is recognizable. - what type of necrosis is this?
Coagulative
What are the signs assoc. with C. pseudotuberculosis
Abscess and chronic weight loss
What test is used for the diagnosis of C. pseudotuberculosis
Synergistic hemolysin inhibition test (SHI) - detect Ab’s to phospholipase D exotoxin
What are positive titers indicative of?
Past resolved infection, recent exposure, recent vaccination, or active lesions
What test can you use for CONFIRMATION of C. Pseudotuberculosis?
Paired Titers can be used for confirmation
Why might it be difficult to detect in young animals?
Due to the presence of maternal antibodies
What can you use for treatment and control?
Penicillin, Rifampin, Tulathromycin
Are vaccines available?
For sheep and goats, YES
What is the disease caused in horses?
Pigeon fever in horses - Colorado Strangles - “dry-land distemper”
Where are the lesions typically found?
On the lower extremities
What is the disease name in cattle?
Bovine ulcerative lymphagitis
What are the vectors for C. pseudotuberculosis ?
Arthropod Vectors : stable flies, horn flies, and house flies; OR contaminated fomites/soil
How does C. Pseudotuberculosis enter the body?
Through skin abrasions
C. Renale groups is also known as: _______________
Contagious Bovine Pyelonephritis
Which 3 bacteria do C. renale contain?
C. renale
C. cystiditis
C. pilosum
Which age group does C. renale target?
Adult cows
Where does C. renale group bacteria reside?
Lower Urogenital Tract of cattle and sheep
What are some AM signs assoc. with C. Renale
Temp increase Weight loss painful urination Colic Ammonia odor Decreased milk production Decreased rumen contractions
What are the PM signs assoc. with C. renale?
- Multifocal abscesses in renal cortex, medullary, pelvis
- Uremia
C. Kutscheri is also known as
Murine pseudotuberculosis
What tissue does C. kutscheri target and what does it cause?
The Lungs, and suppurative penumonia
What is the host for C. bovis?
MICE
What clinical signs are associated with C. bovis?
Dermatitis, hyperkeratosis
What is the disease associated with C. renale group?
Contagious Bovine Pyelonephritis
What is the “bio type” that causes Pigeon Fever in Horses infected with C. pseudotuberculosis?
Nitrate Reducing Biotype
