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Endorine System > Corticosteroids > Flashcards

Corticosteroids Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Mineralcoticoids

A
  • high fluid retention
  • low anti-inflammatory effect
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2
Q

Potency of Mineralcoticoids

A

Most Potent
- Fludrocortisone

Less Potent
- Hydrocortisone

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3
Q

What is a Fludrocortisone indication

A

Postural Hypotension

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4
Q

Side effects of Mineralcoticoids

A
  • potassium loss
  • calcium loss
  • Sodium + water retention (hypertension)
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5
Q

Characteristics of Glucocorticoids

A
  • low fluid retention
  • high anti-inflammatory
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6
Q

Potency of Glucocorticoids

A

High Potency
- Dexamethasone
- Betamethasone

Lower Potency
- Prednisolone

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7
Q

Side effects of Glucocorticoids

A
  • diabetes
  • osteoporosis
  • gastric ulcers
  • muscle wasting
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8
Q

All corticosteroids side effects

A
  • central serous chorioretinopthy
  • Insomnia
  • Irritability
  • suicidal thought
  • Adrenal suppression
  • infections
  • stunts growth in children
  • skin thinning
  • Cushing’s syndrome
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9
Q

What is central serous chorioretinopthy

A

fluid build up under retina

(report visual disturbances)

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10
Q

Withdrawal of corticosteroids

A

not abruptly

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11
Q

What can prolonged use of corticosteroids cause

A

Adrenal Atrophy
(abrupt withdrawal can lead to hypotension or death)

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12
Q

What happen if corticosteroid patients experiences: Illness, Trauma or Surgery

A
  • temporarily increase corticosteroid dose
  • reintroduce if they stopped corticosteroid
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13
Q

Why are infections caused by corticosteroids

A

because they are immunosuppressants

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14
Q

What is Cushing’s syndrome

A

too much cortisol

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15
Q

How to manage Cushing’s syndrome

A

Metyrapone

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16
Q

How to manage corticosteroids skin side effects

A
  • lowest effective dose for minimum period
  • dose is OM
  • can take total dose for 2 days on 1 day and alternate every other day
  • intermittent short courses
17
Q

At what dose strength of corticosteroid should a patient withdraw

A

> 40mg Prednisolone daily for > 1 week

(or equivalent)

18
Q

How long should a patient be taking corticosteroids for, before they need to withdraw

A

> 3 weeks

19
Q

What do a lot of steroid patients need

A

Steroid Card

20
Q

How is Adrenal Insufficiency caused

A
  • Addison’s Disease
  • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
21
Q

What is Addison’s Disease

A

adrenal glands don’t produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone

22
Q

How to treat Adrenal Insufficiency

A
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Fludrocortisone
23
Q

What can adrenal insufficiency lead to

A

Adrenal crisis

24
Q

What is Adrenal Crisis

A
  • severe dehydration
  • hypovolaemic shock
  • seizures
  • cardiac arrest
  • death
25
Q

How to treat adrenal crisis and why

A

Hydrocortisone

(because hydrocortisone is a mineralcorticoid, they have high fluid retention)
(good for dehydration)

Endorine System (5 decks)

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