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Pharamcology Endocrine > Corticosteroids > Flashcards

Corticosteroids Flashcards

1
Q

Classify corticosteroids

A
  1. Glucocorticoids
    A- short acting
    B-intermediate acting
    C-long-acting
    D-local Acting
  2. mineralocorticoids
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2
Q

Name short acting glucocorticoids

A
  1. Hydrocortisone (cortisol)
  2. Cortisone 
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3
Q

Name intermediate acting glucocorticoids

A
  1. Prednisolone
  2. prednisone
  3. Methylprednisolone
  4. triamcinolone
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4
Q

Name long acting glucocorticoids

A
  1. BetaMethasone
  2. Dexamethasone
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5
Q

Name local acting glucocorticoids 

A
  1. Beclomethasone
  2. budesonide
  3. fluticasone
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6
Q

Name Mineralocorticoids drugs

A
  1. Desoxycorticosterone acetate
  2. Fludrocortisone
  3. Aldosterone 
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7
Q

Which drug is used for status asthmaticus and anaphylactic shock

A

Hydrocortisone 

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8
Q

What is the progress of cortisol

A

Cortisone

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9
Q

Name drugs that are used in inflammatory and allergic conditions combined

A
  1. Prednisone
  2. Betamethasone
  3. dexamethasone
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10
Q

Which glucocorticoids have no mineralocorticoid activity

A
  1. BetaMethasone
  2. dexamethasone
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11
Q

Instruction be used as high dose post therapy in renal transplant pemphigus vulgaris

A

Methylprednisolone

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12
Q

Which drugs have immuno suppressant activity

A
  1. methylprednisolone
  2. BetaMethasone
  3. Dexamethasone
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13
Q

Drunk can be used for IBS and COPD

A

Fluticasone

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14
Q

Drugs are used as a replacement therapy in Addison’s disease

A
  1. Desoxycorticosterone acetate
  2. Fludrocortisone
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15
Q

What are the carbohydrate affects of glucocorticoids

A
  1. Hyperglycaemia
  2. Decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin 3. diabetes maybe precipitated
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16
Q

What are the contraindications of glucocorticoids

A
  1. diabetes mellitus
  2. Epilepsy
  3. hypertension
  4. Peptic ulcer
  5. herpes simplex keratitis
  6. TB
  7. osteoporosis
  8. psychosis
  9. congestive cardiac failure
  10. glaucoma
  11. Renal failure
17
Q

What are the pharmacological action of corticosteroids

A
  1. Carbohydrate, Lipid, protein metabolism
  2. Electrolyte in water metabolism
  3. calcium metabolism
  4. increase hypertension CVS
  5. required for normal function of skeletal muscle
  6. CNS effects
  7. G.I. effects
  8. blood and lymph
  9. tissue anti-inflammatory effect
  10. immuno suppressant effect
18
Q

Which drugs do not promote electricity and water Metbolism

A
  1. Dexamethasone
  2. betamethasone
  3. triamcinolone
19
Q

What are the effects of Glucocorticoids on calcium metabolism

A
  1. Inhibit calcium absorption
  2. increase renal excretion
  3. inhibit osteoblasts
  4. increases osteoclast activity
20
Q

What are the effects of glucocorticoids on Skeletal muscles in increased and decreased scenarios

A
  1. Hypercortisolism - do to inadequate circulation
  2. Hypercortisolism: do to hyperkalaemia
21
Q

What are the indirect CNS actions of corticosteroids

A

Maintenance of:
1. blood pressure
2. blood glucose concentration
3. electrolyte levels

22
Q

How do Glucocorticoids Act on GIT

A

1. Inhibits Prostaglandins and increases gastric acid and pepsin secretion Can lead to peptic ulcer.
2. Decrease local immune response against H. pylori

23
Q

What are the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids

A

1. Induce lipocortin What’s your name it’s phospholipase A2. Which inhibits the formation of PG, LT’s and PAF
2. Production of cytokines like IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha are inhibited 
3. Stabilize lysosome membrane and prevent release of inflammatory mediators
4. inhibit the production of various adhesion molecules

24
Q

What are the effects of glucocorticoids on the immune system and lymphoid tissue

A
  1. Decrease in lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils and monocytes
  2. Inhibit B cells and T cells functions
  3. Suppress all hypersensitivity reactions
25
Q

What are the adverse effects of Glucocorticoids

A
  1. Metabolic effects such as hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia
  2. Cushing’s habitus
  3. G.I. peptic ulcers with haemorrhage or perforation 
  4. Salt and water retention which can lead to CCF
  5. Muscle weakness and fragility
  6. Osteoporosis
  7. growth retardation
  8. Glaucoma and cataracts
  9. CNS changes
  10. immunosuppression
  11. HPA axis suppression 
26
Q

Which glucocorticoids may precipitate growth retardation in children

A
  1. dexamethasone
  2. betamethasone
27
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of glucocorticoids (replacement therapy)

A
  1. Acute renal insufficiency
  2. Chronic adrenal insufficiency
  3. Adrenogenital syndrome and adrenal virilism 
28
Q

What are the uses of glucocorticoids(non-endocrine diseases)

A
  1. Rheumatoid arthritis
  2. osteoarthritis
  3. gout
  4. rheumatic fever
  5. allergic diseases
  6. bronchial asthma
  7. collagen diseases
  8. renal diseases
  9. Ocular diseases
  10. skin disease
  11. haematological disorders
  12. cerebral oedema
  13. intestinal disease
  14. shock
  15. organ transplantation
  16. hypercalcaemia
  17. other uses: Bell’s palsy, acute neuritis myotonia
29
Q

Which drug can be used as a test for Hypo pituitary adrenal function

A

Dexamethasone

Pharamcology Endocrine (9 decks)

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