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Pharamcology Endocrine > Contraceptives > Flashcards

Contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

Name third generation progestin that increase HDL level and reduce atherogenic risk

A
  1. Desogestrel
  2. norgestimate
  3. Gestodene
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2
Q

Which progestrin is a derivative of spironolactone

A

Drospirenone 

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of contraceptives

A
  1. Inhibit the release of FSH and LH which inhibits ovulation
  2. causes tubal and uterine contractions make endometrium less suitable for implantation
  3. Thick and viscous cervical mucus secretion
  4. prevent sperm penetration
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4
Q

Name Postcoital pills 

A
  1. Levonorgestrel 
  2. Ulipristal
  3. Mifepristone
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5
Q

What are the uses of contraceptives

A
  1. Prevents unwanted pregnancy
  2. relieves dysamenorrhea and premenstrual tension
  3. Prevents iron deficiency
  4. reduces incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis
  5. protects against ovarian and endometrial carcinoma
  6. reduces incidence of benign breast tumours and ovarian cysts
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6
Q

What are the contraindications of oral contraceptives

A
  1. Thromboembolic disorder
  2. hypertension and cardiac disease
  3. diabetes mellitus
  4. epilepsy
  5. malignancy of genital tract
  6. porphyria
  7. migraine
  8. breast cancer
  9. thyroid disease
  10. Chronic liver disease
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7
Q

Name injectable contraceptives

A
  1. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate DMPA
  2.  Norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN)
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8
Q

What is the drug present in Norplant implant

A

Levonorgestrel 216mg

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9
Q

What is the drug present In contraceptive implant Implanon

A

Desogestrel 68mg

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10
Q

What are the side effects of hormonal contraceptives

A
  1. Nausea, vomiting, headache, breakthrough bleeding, weight gain
  2. Fluid retention, acne and pigmentation of skin
  3. Impaired glucose tolerance and alteration of lipid profile
  4. hypertension
  5. increase incidence of thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, stroke (rare)
  6. increased risk of gall stones, benign liver tumours and breast cancer
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11
Q

Which drugs induce hepatic enzyme system and enhance metabolism of oral contraceptives

A
  1. Rifampin
  2. carbamazepine
  3. phenytoin
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12
Q

How do tetracyclines and ampicillin prevent the absorption of oestrogen leading to contraceptive failure

A

Oestrogen is decongigated by bacterial flora. These drugs reduce the conjugation and reabsorption of oral contraceptive

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13
Q

Name a nonsteroidal contraceptive

A

Ormeloxifene 

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Pharamcology Endocrine (9 decks)

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