Corticohippocampal Circuit - Anatomy

Question 1

Broadman Areas

Answer 1

common notation for identifying cytoarchitechtonically and functionally distinct subregions of the cortex

Question 2

Broadman Areas

Answer 2

distinct anatomical regions by numbers

Question 3

we have — broadman areas

Answer 3

360

Question 4

9 and 46

Answer 4

broadman dlPFC

Question 5

44, 45, 47

Answer 5

broadman vlPFC

Question 6

44, 45

Answer 6

broadman Broca’s area

Question 7

language production

Answer 7

what is broca’s area for

Question 8

22

Answer 8

broadman wernicke’s area

Question 9

language aphasia - understanding speech

Answer 9

what is wernicke’s area for

Question 10

11 and 12

Answer 10

broadman vmPFC

Question 11

9, 10, 32

Answer 11

broadman dmPFC

Question 12

24

Answer 12

dACC

Question 13

brain encodes / creates function by

Answer 13

cytoarchitecture

Question 14

cytoarchitecture is composed of

Answer 14

corticocolumns and corticolayers

Question 15

specific areas of visual aspects in our brain

Answer 15

retinotopy

Question 16

recreate visual, auditory, sensory world in our brain

Answer 16

retinotopy

Question 17

80% of PFC is

Answer 17

excitatory glutamatergic pyramidal neurons

Question 18

___ glutamatergic pyramidal neurons

Answer 18

excitatory

Question 19

excitatory ____ pyramidal neurons

Answer 19

glutamatergic

Question 20

excitatory glutamatergic ___ neurons

Answer 20

pyramidal

Question 21

20% of PFC is

Answer 21

inhibitory GABA interneurons

Question 22

___ GABA interneurons

Answer 22

inhibitory

Question 23

inhibitory __ interneurons

Answer 23

GABA

Question 24

inhibitory GABA __ neurons

Answer 24

inter

Question 25

these neurons are key for executive function of dlPFC

Answer 25

inhibitory GABA interneurons

Question 26

our refined and controlled behaviors generally emerge as a function of discrete, stimulus-dependent pattern of selective inhibition

Answer 26

sculpting in negativity

Question 27

how our body is represented in the brain

Answer 27

homunculus

Question 28

affector regions where mind-body interfaces connect with PFC and help integrate our body with our brain

Answer 28

homunculus

Question 29

new homunculus model name

Answer 29

integrate-isolate model

Question 30

old homunculus model name

Answer 30

penfield's homunculus

Question 31

pyramidal neurons are (intrinsic/extrinsic)

Answer 31

intrinsic

Question 32

gabaergic neurons

Answer 32

shape output and eventually input

Question 33

executive control foundation

Answer 33

staggering density and variety of afferent and efferent connections maintained throughout the horizontal layers of dlPFC

Question 34

sensory association areas question "--" and "--"

Answer 34

where and what

Question 35

sensory association areas are a __ in information processing from __ to __

Answer 35

gradient, unimodal, heteromodal

Question 36

heteromodal

Answer 36

complicated levels of processing - shape our behavior

Question 37

dlPFC is a __ hotspot for info processing

Answer 37

heteromodal

Question 38

list all the unimodal hotspots for info processing (5)

Answer 38

auditory cortex posterior parietal cortex motor structures medial temporal structures inferior temporal cortex

Question 39

rapid growth over the first years of life isn't about

Answer 39

neurogenesis

Question 40

neurogenesis is

Answer 40

neuron growth/generation

Question 41

rapid growth over the first years of life is in terms of

Answer 41

increased connections between neurons

Question 42

over the first 6 months of human life

Answer 42

synaptic density increases explosion in synaptic connectivity

Question 43

from age 5 to 20

Answer 43

synaptic pruning/thinning

Question 44

activity dependent pruning

Answer 44

shaving connections to ultimately make a highly functional system

Question 45

this is important for our ability to solve problems/identify patterns, make decisions that are contributing to our success

Answer 45

signal-to-noise ratio

Question 46

for a healthy signal-to-noise ratio,

Answer 46

signal > noise

Question 47

people who later develop schizophrenia have

Answer 47

advert pruning of cortex

Question 48

last place to mature in our brain is

Answer 48

dlPFC

Question 49

dlPFC continues to develop until

Answer 49

mid 20s

Question 50

over the first 20 years dlPFC forms as it figures out

Answer 50

what's noise and what's signal

Question 51

these parts almost stay the same since birth because they're so vital for our survival (6)

Answer 51

amygdala nucleus accumbens caudate palladus putamen

Question 52

hippocampus location

Answer 52

posterior to amygdala

Question 53

info leaves the hippocampus through the

Answer 53

tail

Question 54

these parts are hippocampal formation

Answer 54

entorhinal cortex and parahippocampal cortex