Cortical Localization of Function I Flashcards
Define the term ‘clinico-anatomical correlation
Describe the functional anatomy of the visual cortices
Primary visual cortex (v1; striate cortex)
Secondary visual cortex (extrastriate)
- v2 - connects strongly w v1; responds to complex patterns
v3a (v3 dorsal)
- gets input from v1 and v2
- large scale motion; control of visually guided eye movements; placing objects in space
VP (v3 ventral)
- gets input from v2
- object and pattern recognition
Describe the functional anatomy of the dorsal and venral streams (visual)
Describe the lesions involving the occipital lobe
Scotoma - blind spot in the opposite visual field due to small lesion to v1
Quadrantopsia/hemianopsia- loss of contralateral visual field quadrants or the whole field due to larger lesions to v1
Visual agnosia - cannot recognize objects due to v4 damage
- alexia and agraphia - cannot read/write
- prosopanagnosia - can see but not
recognize faces
Balint’s Syndrome
- simultanagnosia - cannot perceive more than one object at a time
- occular apraxia - impairment of controlled, voluntary eye movement
- optic ataxia - poor hand-eye coordination
Describe the functional anatomy of the auditory cortices
Describe the hierarchy of auditory processing
Describe Wernicke’s area (location, damage implications)
Describe the dorsal and ventral streams (temporal)
Describe lesions involving the temporal lobe
Describe the functional anatomy of the parietal cortex
3, 3a/b
Describe the somatosensory association areas
1, 2
Integrates complex stimuli in the external and internal environment
Describe the inferior parietal lobule
Describe the medial parietal lobe
Describe lesions to the parietal lobe
post central-gyrus:
- loss of 2-point discrimination
- agraphesthesia
- asterognosis
What are the four sx of Gerstmann’s Syndrome? What causes it?
Agraphia
Acalcula
R/L disorientation
Finger agnosia
Caused by lesions to both the supramarginal gyrus and angualr gyrus of the Left inferior parietal lobule
