Corrections 7 Flashcards
(72 cards)
Systemic vascular resistance in septic shock?
Low
What are the main indications for placing a chest tube in suspected pleural infection? (3)
1) Patients with frankly purulent or turbid/cloudy pleural fluid on sampling
2) The presence of organisms identified by Gram stain and/or culture from a non-purulent pleural fluid sample
3) Pleural fluid pH <7.2 in patients with suspected pleural infection
What is the treatment of choice for small bowel overgrowth syndrome?
Rifaximin
What are the most common medications assoicated with erythema nodosum?
1) penicillins
2) sulfonamides e.g. sulfalazine
3) COCP
What type of diabetes insipidus can CKD cause?
Nephrogenic
What is oral (pollen) allergy syndrome?
A hypersensitivity reaction to raw plant-based foods which usually causes rapid onset of mild symptoms such as itching.
It is strongly linked with pollen allergies and presents with seasonal variation.
In DIC, what blood products should be given 1st?
FFP and cryoprecipitate may be given whilst awaiting the results of the coagulation studies.
Mx of euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatraemic patients who don’t have severe symptoms?
Fluid restriction
What are some causes of a false-negative Mantoux test?
1) Immunosuppression e.g. miliary TB, AIDS, steroids
2) Sarcoidosis
3) Lymphoma
4) Extremes of age
5) Fever
6) Hypoalbuminaemia, anaemia
Mx of APS in pregnancy?
1) low dose aspirin: commenced once the pregnancy is confirmed on urine testing
2) LMWH: once a fetal heart is seen on US
The mean +/- 2 standard deviations contains what % of the values?
95.4%
what is De Quervain’s tenosynovitis?
A common condition in which the sheath containing the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons is inflamed.
Features of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis?
1) pain on the radial side of the wrist
2) tenderness over the radial styloid process
3) abduction of the thumb against resistance is painful
What test can be used in the dx of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis?
Finkelstein’s test
The examiner pulls the thumb of the patient in ulnar deviation and longitudinal traction. In a patient with tenosynovitis this action causes pain over the radial styloid process and along the length of extensor pollisis brevis and abductor pollicis longus.
What is iliotibial band syndrome?
A common cause of lateral knee pain, particularly in runners.
Features: tenderness 2-3cm above the lateral joint line
What is the most common type of renal stone?
Calcium oxalate
CT features in SAH?
Acute blood in the basal cisterns, sulci, fissures, and in severe cases the ventricular system.
Echo findings in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Apical ballooning of the myocardium (resembling an octopus pot)
What is the ECG finding of deeply inverted or biphasic waves in V2-3 in a person with the previous history of angina is characteristic of?
Wellen’s syndrome.
This is highly specific for a critical stenosis of the LAD artery.
In the 1ary prevention of CVD, the use of statins aims for what % reduction in non-HDL cholesterol?
> 40%
What is the imaging of choice in suspected renal colic?
Non-contrast CT-KUB
Mx of inguinal vs umbilical hernias in paeds?
Inguinal: repair ASAP
Umbilical: manage conservatively (most resolve by age 4-5y)
What is cryptosporidium?
A protozoan parasite
Most common cause of diarrhoea in an HIV patient
Amitriptyline vs duloxetine in eGFR <30?
Amitriptyline > duloxetine
