coronary circulation Flashcards
what do the Right and left coronary
arteries do
nourish the myocardium
what do the left and right cardiac
veins remove waste from
from the myocardium
how does blood travel from coronary arteries
-Blood travels from coronary
arteries to capillary beds in
the myocardium
-Blood then flows
into cardiac veins that
empty into the coronary sinus
and right artium
what is coronary circulation
delivery of oxygenated blood to heart muscle and the return of deoxygenated blood to venous system
what is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) –
an obstruction of
the heart’s arteries caused by atherosclerosis
what is Angina pectoris
chest pain when myocardium
is deprived of adequate oxygen
what is Myocardial infarction and how can you recover
Heart tissue death due to oxygen loss caused by a coronary blood clot.
What do coronary arteries do?
Supply blood to the myocardium.
What happens if a coronary artery is blocked?
myocardium can die
: How does the body adapt to blocked arteries?
Collateral arteries open to supply blood.
What are collateral arteries?
A: Backup arteries that open during a blockage.
What is a self-bypass?
Collateral arteries restoring blood flow.
What are treatments for coronary artery diseases?
• medicines
• angioplasty (w or w/o stenting)
• coronary artery by-pass surgery
• transmyocardial laser
revascularization (TML)
what is the diastole phase of cardiac cycle and time it last
Atria contracts, blood is pumped into ventricles (relaxed)
Time – 0.5 seconds
what is the systole phase of the cardiac cycle
Ventricles contract, blood is pumped to the lungs and rest of body (systemic circulation)
Time – 0.3 secon
what is ventricular systole
Ventricular Systole:
• ventricles contract
• ventricular contraction regulated by AV node
• semilunar valves (to aorta &
pulmonary arteries) open
• atrioventricular valves close
(“lub”)
what is the ventricular diastole
ventricles relax, atria contract
• atrial contraction regulated
by SA node (pacemaker)
• semilunar valves close
(“dupp”)
• atrioventricular valves open
what is cardiac input
volume of blood per minute that the left ventricle pumps into circulation
what is stroke volume
volume of blood ejected from left ventricle when it contracts
what does cardiac input depend on
pulse rate
stroke volume
what is blood pressure
pressure of blood against arteries
what is systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Systolic pressure – pressure while ventricles are contracting (120 mm Hg)
Diastolic pressure – pressure while ventriclesare relaxed (80 mm Hg)
what can affect blood pressure
Cardiac output
• Peripheral resistance
• Blood volume
How does blood return to the heart after capillary exchange?
- Thoracic pump
2. Venoconstriction
3. Skeletal muscle pump
Characteristics of Erythrocytes and roles
Made in bone marrow
contains hemoglbin
Transport nutrients, waste, and oxygen
what are characteristics of plasma
●Mostly water
●Makes up 55 percent of blood
●has Other dissolved substances
