Core Science - C1.3 - Acids Flashcards
Give a reason why hydrochloric acid is present in the stomach.
(1)
(help) digestion / kill bacteria /
break down food
Indigestion can cause pain in the chest.
Indigestion tablets can be taken to relieve this pain.
Explain how indigestion tablets relieve this pain.
(2)
An explanation linking two of the following • (indigestion is caused by excess) acid (1) • (indigestion tablets) remove / react with / break down / neutralise /increase the pH / change the pH to 7 / form a salt with the acid (1)
Waste gases from coal-fired power stations can be acidic.
These waste gases can be passed through calcium carbonate.
Explain how the calcium carbonate helps to reduce the amount of acid rain.
(2)
An explanation linking two of the
following points:
• calcium carbonate {reacts with
/ absorbs / neutralises /
removes / eliminates } gas(1)
• waste gases /acidic gases /
sulfur (di)oxide / nitrogen
(di)oxide (1)
• (these) gases / sulfur
(di)oxide/ nitrogen (di)oxide
do not escape (into the
atmosphere) (1)
• so they do not cause acid rain
(1)Give the name of the element that burns, in oxygen, to form sulfur dioxide.
(1)
sulfur
Too much hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause indigestion.
Indigestion tablets work by neutralising the excess hydrochloric acid in the
stomach.
Some indigestion tablets contain calcium carbonate.
The calcium carbonate reacts with the excess hydrochloric acid to form calcium
chloride, water and carbon dioxide gas.
Write the word equation for this reaction.
(1)
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric
acid ———-> carbon dioxide + water +
calcium chloride
State why hazard symbols are used.
1
to warn (of danger) /
internationally recognised / so
the correct precautions can be
taken (1)
Describe a test to show the gas is chlorine.
2
A description including the following points • (damp blue or red) litmus (1) • turns (red then) white / bleached (1)
In industry, large amounts of chlorine are produced.
Explain why it could be dangerous to produce large amounts of chlorine in a
factory.
(2)
A description including two of the
following points
• chlorine could leak out (1)
• (it is) toxic / poisonous /
irritant / corrosive (1)
• an effect on people eg.
death / injury / burn skin /
damage lungs / bad for you
if breathed in / make you ill /
{irritates/damages} eyes (1)Explain the electrolysis of
hydrochloric acid in the laboratory, naming the products formed.
You may add to the diagram to help with your answer.
(6)
an explanation linking some of the following points (could be in diagram) • put acid in container • attach power supply/electricity supply • use direct current • test tube inverted over electrode(s) • bubbles seen • one product hydrogen • one product chlorine • bleached litmus • relevant safety precaution
Explain what is meant by the term electrolysis.
2
An explanation linking decomposing / breaking down of (compounds/substances) (1) using electrical energy / electricity /d.c. (1)
Describe the test to show a gas is hydrogen.
2
A description including use of lighted splint (1) hydrogen burns / (mixture of air and hydrogen) gives a ‘pop’ (1)
When water is electrolysed, hydrogen is also formed at one electrode.
Give the name of the gas formed at the other electrode.
(1)
oxygen
