Core PO1 - Nutrition & hydration Flashcards
Why is adequate hydration important in the recovery process?
Dehydration may complicate existing problems and slow the recovery process.
Why does dehydration affect the whole body?
Adults are 55-65% water.
2/3 of this fluid is found in the cells, hence dehydration affecting the whole body.
what are the effects of malnourishment on the recovery process?
It delays recovery and compromises the immune system.
Why does a patient with diarrhoea require fluid monitoring?
They will likely be dehydrated as a result of it.
Dehydration can cause a drop in BP and acute kidney damage.
What interventions can be put in place if an individual cannot keep fluids down?
- Intravenous fluids
- Catheterisation to closely monitor fluid balance
What is the skin turgor test?
This is a test for dehydration.
Pinch the skin on the back of the hand and if it does not snap back within the expected time frame, fluids should be given to prevent damage to the cells.
Older people have less skin elasticity and will therefore have a slower snap back.
What are the 5 food groups?
- Fats and sugars
- Protein
- Diary and alternatives
- Carbohydrates
- Vegetables and fruits
Order the food groups in order of what your diet should be made up of the most to the least.
- Fruit and vegetables
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Dairy and alternatives
- Fats and sugars
What foods can dairy be found in?
Milk, yogurt and cheese.
What foods can protein be found in?
Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and nuts.
What foods are carbohydrates?
Wholemeal cereal, bread, potatoes, rice and pasta.
What is the effect of eating too many fats and sugars?
- Weight gain
- Type 2 diabetes
- 3x more likely to develop heart disease
What are concentrated fats a source of?
Energy
What are concentrated fats important for?
They help transport potassium and vitamin A, D and E around the body.
Fats also protect vital organs.
What is protein important for?
They help build bones, muscle, cartilage and repair tissue.
What is protein a source of?
Energy, iron and calcium.
What is the effect of a diet high in protein?
- Weight loss
- Muscle acceleration
- Reduce cravings
What is dairy a source of?
Protein and calcium , which help to build healthy bones and teeth.
What is the difference between dairy and dairy alternatives?
Plant based dairy is lower in calories and fat.
What are carbohydrates a source of and how?
They’re a source of energy as the body breaks down carbs into glucose, which provides cells with energy.
What nutrients do carbohydrates provide?
Potassium, fibre and vitamin D.
What can too many high added sugar carbs cause?
Weight gain.
What is the effect of a low carb diet?
Less serotonin.
What are the effects of low serotonin levels?
- Sleep problems
- Digestive problems
- Low mood
- Change in appetite
- Trouble with memory
