Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pulmonology > COPD > Flashcards

COPD Flashcards

1
Q

usually observed in patients with 1AT deficiency,

A

Panacinar emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

usually observed in patients with 1AT deficiency,

A

Panacinar emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

usually observed in patients with 1AT deficiency,

A

Panacinar emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

patients with predominant emphysema

thin, noncyanotic at rest and have prominent use of accessory muscles

A

pink puffers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

patients with predominant emphysema

thin, noncyanotic at rest and have prominent use of accessory muscles

A

pink puffers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

most likely explanation for newly developed clubbing in COPD patient

A

development of lung cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hallmark of COPD

A

airflow obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

important prognostic factor in COPD and is the basis for the Global Initiative for Lung Disease (GOLD) redundant classification

A

degree of airflow obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

better predictor of COPD mortality rate than pulmonary function alone

A

airflow obstruction, exercise performance, dyspnea, and body mass index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

GOLD classification

Stage I

A

Mild severity

FEV1/FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GOLD classification

Stage 0

A

At risk
Chronic cough, sputum production
Normal spirometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

GOLD classification

Stage IIa

A

FEV1/FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

GOLD classification

Stage III

A

FEV1/FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

GOLD classification

Stage IV

A

FEV1/FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

change in pH per rise in PaCO2

A
  1. 08 units/10 mmHg acutely “Eight-cute”

0. 03 units/10 mmHg (chronic state)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ventilatory failure

A

PCO2 >45 mmHg

17
Q

current definitive test for establishing the presence or absence of emphysema in living subjects

A

Computed tomography (CT) scan

18
Q

Only three interventions demonstrated to influence the natural history of patients with COPD

A
  1. smoking cessation
  2. oxygen therapy in chronically hypoxemic patients
  3. lung volume reduction surgery
19
Q

Evidence for tiotropium in COPD

A

trend toward reduced mortality rate in the tiotropium-treated patients that approached, but did not reach, statistical significance

20
Q

Available data suggest that inhaled glucocorticoids reduce COPD exacerbation frequency by ___

A

25%

21
Q

Evidence for theophylline in COPD

A

produces modest improvements in expiratory flow rates and vital capacity and a slight improvement in arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in patients with moderate to severe COPD

22
Q

common SE theophylline

A

Nausea

23
Q

N-acetyl cysteine in COPD

A

mucolytic and antioxidant properties

24
Q

Patients are excluded Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS)

A

significant pleural disease
pulmonary artery systolic pressure >45 mmHg
extreme deconditioning
congestive heart failure, or other severe comorbid conditions

25
Q

criteria for Lung transplantation

A

lung transplantation should be

26
Q

oral glucocorticoids in exacerbation

30-40 mg of oral prednisolone or its equivalent x 10-14 days

A

reduce the length of stay
hasten recovery
reduce the chance of subsequent exacerbation or relapse for a period of up to 6 months

27
Q

Contraindications to noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV)

A

> cardiovascular instability
impaired mental status/unacooperative
copious secretions or unable to clear secretions
craniofacial abnormalities/ trauma precluding effective fitting of mask
extreme obesity
significant burns

28
Q

most frequently reported acute complication of glucocorticoid treatment

A

Hyperglycemia

29
Q

most frequently reported acute complication of glucocorticoid treatment

A

Hyperglycemia

30
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) definition

A

disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible (http://www.goldcopd.com/)

31
Q

COPD

A

emphysema
chronic bronchitis
small airways disease

32
Q

the most highly significant predictor of FEV1

A

pack-years of cigarette smoking

33
Q

allele is associated with normal 1AT levels

A

M allele

34
Q

associated with slightly reduced 1AT levels

A

S allele

35
Q

associated with markedly reduced 1AT levels

A

Z allele

36
Q

associated with markedly reduced 1AT levels

A

Z allele

37
Q

most common form of severe 1AT deficiency

A

Individuals with two Z alleles or one Z and one null allele (PiZ)

Pulmonology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions