Cooperation I Flashcards
What is evolution?
Change in allele frequency in a population
Driven by mutation, genetic drift and natural selection
What does social mean in social evolution
How organisms interact so that the actions of one individual have an effect on the reproductive fitness of another
Example of mutualism
A plant and pollinator
Plant - gives energy
Pollinator - dispersing pollen
Example of selfishness
Tasmanian devils facial tumour
Selfish mutation evolving
Four main social insects
Bees
Ants
Wasps
Termites
Example of altruism (pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Pseudomonas aeruginose secretes ramnolipid which helps it to move across surfaces (pull liquid out of agar and swim across)
Mutant = can’t make the secretion so can’t move
But in petrol dish it shows that cells that can’t make ramnolipid can also use ramnolipid produced by other cell.
Classify social behaviour: Transposons jumping
X
Classify social behaviour: mosquito drinking blood
Selfishness
(Always remember to identify the actor because here the actor is the mosquito and so this is why it’s selfish behaviour… its not is being altruistic because we suffer to help the mosquitoes reproduce (cos we are not the actors)
Classify social behaviour: Herding elephants
Mutualistic (joining the herd makes it bigger and everyone is safe)
Classify social behaviour: Transposons jumping
Selfish
Replicating and can effect genome (genetic parasites)
Classify social behaviour: Human genome
Mutual benefit
Classify social behaviour: sea slug
Selfish
Eating algae, taking its chloroplasts and using it to photosynthesis (not benefiting algae)
Classify social behaviour: E. coli releasing colicin toxin by lysis
Spite
Actor - cell that’s lysing (harming itself) and producing toxin
Recipient - cell that the toxin targets
Bacterial warfare
(Could be viewed as altruistic with regards to surviving ones cos it reduces competition)
