controlling blood glucose

Question 1

what is blood glucose monitored and controlled by?

Answer 1

the pancreas

Question 2

how does glucose get into the blood stream?

Answer 2

by eating carbohydrates which are digested by amylase in small intestine then absorbed by villi

Question 3

what is glucose?

Answer 3

a type of sugar used by the body to provide energy

Question 4

what happens if the blood glucose levels are too high?

Answer 4

-receptors detect an increase in blood glucose
-the pancreas secretes
insulin that causes glucose to move from the blood into the
cells
-in liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to glycogen
for storage and stored in the liver
-blood glucose concentration returns to normal so insulin secretion decreases

Question 5

what happens if blood glucose levels are too low?

Answer 5

-receptors detect a decrease in blood glucose
-the pancreas
secretes glucagon that causes glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood
-blood glucose concentration returns to normal so glucagon secretion decreases

Question 6

what type of system is used?

Answer 6

negative feedback

Question 7

what is crenation?

Answer 7

-when red blood cells appear shrivelled and wrinkly
-happens when there is excess glucose in the blood, makes plasm and tissue fluid too concentrated
-hypertonic solution: higher concentration outside of cell than inside

Question 8

what is lysis?

Answer 8

-when red blood cells well up and burst
-happens when there is low glucose in the blood so cells swell up
-hypotonic solution: higher concentration inside of cell than outside

Question 9

what hormone is produced when conc too low?

Answer 9

glucagon

Question 10

what hormone is produced when conc too high?

Answer 10

insulin