Control System Flashcards
Why does our body want more oxygen during exercise?
To produce more energy for contraction
What do changes in heart rate do?
Regulate cardiac output
What does the cardiac control centre form a part of?
The automatic nervous system
What are the two components of the ANS?
Parasympathetic - speeds up
Sympathetic - slows down
What is heart rate regulated by?
Neural control
Hormonal control
Intrinsic control
What does chemoreceptors detect?
Change in oxygen and carbon dioxide
What do baroreceptors detect?
Changes in blood pressure
What do proprioceptors detect?
Change in muscle movement
What do thermoreceptors detect?
Changes in temperature
What are the chemoreceptors?
Tiny structures in the carotid arteries and the aortic arch that detects changes in the acidity levels in the blood.
What are the baroreceptors?
Stretch receptors in the walls of the aorta, vena cava and carotid arteries that detect changes in blood pressure
What are the proprioceptors?
Sensory nerve endings in the muscles, tendons and joints that detect changes in movement and body position
What are the thermoreceptors?
Send information to the cardiac control centre, then via the accelerator never to the heart
During exercise what happens in the hormonal control of heart rate ?
Sympathetic nerve causes adrenaline and noradrenaline to be release by the adrenal gland. A message is sent via the accelerator nerve to the SAN, this increases strength of ventricular contractions and heart rate, cardiac output therefore increases. These hormones control blood pressure and help with vascular shunting
What happens to the hormonal control of heart rate when exercise stops ?
Acetylcholine is released
The parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated
A message is sent via the vagus nerve to the SAN
Heart rate decreases
During exercise where is there an increase on blood ?
Right atrium which leads to increased pressure in the right atrium which increases heart rate
