Control of Ventilation Flashcards
what part of the CNS contains the central pattern generator for breathing?
where is the central pattern generator
- brainstem
- medulla
what group contains the Botzinger complex
- ventral respiratory group
what is the pacemaker that controls the ventilation
- Botzinger complex
does the ventral respiratory group contain inspiratory or expiratory neurons
- both
ventral respiratory group projects to
- phrenic nerve
- intercostal neurons
- abdominal motor neurons
dorsal respiratory group contains inspiratory or expiratory neurons?
- inspiratory
dorsal respiratory group receives mainly _______ input from peripheral respiratory receptors
- sensory inputs
where is the main sensory nucleus located
- dorsal respiratory group
pneumotaxic and apneustic centers are located in
- the pons
which center causes gasping; prolonged inspiration and short expiration
- apneustic
which center causes prolonged rhythmic breathing
- pneumotaxic
phrenic motor neurons located where
project to
- C2-C5
- diaphragm
thoracic motor neurons located where
project to
- T1-T12
- intercostals
lumbar motor neurons project to
- abdominals
peripheral chemoreceptors located
- common carotid artery (glomus cell)
- aortic arch
major stimulus of peripheral chemoreceptors
special value
- low O2
< 60 mm Hg
which receptors sense CO2 and H+
- central chemoreceptors
what is the primary sensory of low CSF pH
what is their response
- glia
- release ATP
what about CSF decreases its buffering power
result
- low protein content
- more sensitive to chemical changes that alter pH
what receptors are located in the airway smooth muscle
- pulmonary stretch receptors
what happens when you stimulate pulmonary stretch receptors
- inhibits ventilation
what happens if you sever the vagus nerve
- increase tidal volume
between pulmonary stretch receptors and pulmonary irritant receptors, which are rapidly adapting and which are slower adapting
- pulmonary stretch - slowly adapting
- pulmonary irritant - rapidly adapting
what receptors respond to blood-borne substances, pulmonary vascular congestion or edema
- juxtacapillary receptors
what does activation of the juxtacapillary receptors cause
- transient apnea
- rapid shallow breathing
- bronchoconstriction
- mucus secretion
what receptor are involved in dyspnea associated with left heart failure and interstitial lung disease
- juxtacapillary receptors
