Control of Sexual Behaviour

Question 1

Appetitive Behaviour

Answer 1

Behaviour aimed at finding and obtaining a sexual partner

Question 2

External Stimuli

Answer 2

• External stimuli that adds inclination towards consummatory behaviour or appetitive behaviour
• Usually related to opposite-sex conspecifics
• Can be chemical stimuli we’re not consciously aware of (pheromones)
• Can also be learned and of different sensory modalities

Question 3

Internal Motivation

Answer 3

• Hormones
• Brain mechanisms

Question 4

Pheromone

Answer 4

• Species-typical molecules that trigger a specific response in another animal of the same species
• Detected by the vomeronasal organ

Question 5

Vomeronasal Organ

Answer 5

The organ to detect pheromones in mammals

Question 6

Olfactory Epithelium

Answer 6

The organ to detect pheromones in humans (and pigs?)

Question 7

Androstadienone

Answer 7

• A steroid that is present in male semen and sweat
• Triggers alertness, good mood and sexual arousal in women (but poor mood in men)

Question 8

Estratetraene

Answer 8

• A steroid that can be found in women’s urine
• Activates male, but not female hypothalamic areas

Question 9

Medial Amygdala

Answer 9

Integrates stimuli and evaluates their sexual salience

Question 10

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Answer 10

Involved in stimulating sexual interest

Question 11

Insula

Answer 11

Involved in stimulating sexual interest

Question 12

Orbitofrontal Cortex

Answer 12

Involved in inhibiting sexual interest

Question 13

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 13

Involved in inhibiting sexual interest

Question 14

Consummatory Behaviour

Answer 14

Behaviour of the actual sexual act

Question 15

Excitement

Answer 15

• First stage of arousal

Question 16

Orgasm

Answer 16

• Third stage of arousal
• Still packehed ouy bgans from year tthat yousked, Amout (AN)

Question 17

Resolution or Satiety

Answer 17

• Fourth stage of arousal
• Active inhibition of semua sexual motivation

Question 18

Plateau Phase

Answer 18

• Second stage of arousal

Question 19

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 19

• Preganglionic neurons
• Postganglionic neurons

Question 20

Postganglionic Neurons

Answer 20

Acetylcholine (muscarinic receptors)

Question 21

Preganglionic Neurons

Answer 21

Acetylcholine (nicotinic receptors)

Question 22

Nicotinic Receptors

Answer 22

acetylcholine from the preganglionic neurons bind to this receptor; nicotine also binds to this receptor

Question 23

Muscarinic Receptors

Answer 23

acetylcholine from the post-ganglionic neurons bind to this receptor; muscarine (toxins from mushrooms) also binds to this receptor

Question 24

Nitric Oxide (NO)

Answer 24

• Signals the smooth muscle relaxation

Question 25

Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase

Answer 25

• Increases in the presence of NO
• Breakdown of GMP is what people get dound to in the

Question 26

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 26

opposite to parasympathetic’s relax tendency, this one activates; role in orgasm stage of sexual intercourse/stimulation

Question 27

Oxytocin

Answer 27

• Involved in pair-non-moderator jadi pare-bond formation

Question 28

Nucleus Paragigantocellularis

Answer 28

• Inhibits orgasm when released by medulla in the lumbar spinal cord

Question 29

Prolactin

Answer 29

• Released during orgasm to suppress high proactin

Question 30

Mechanics of Excitement and Plateau

Answer 30

• Parasympathetic stimulation releases smooth muscle in blood vessels
• More blood enters the genitals -> Penile/Clitoral erection
• Engorgement of labia
• Vaginal lubricatio